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Zakariyya al-Ansari

Abū Yaḥyā b. Muḥammad b. Zakariyyā, Zayn al-Dīn al-Sunaykī also known as Zakariyyā al-Ansārī was an Egyptian Sunni polymath. He is considered the leading specialist in fiqh, usul al-fiqh, hadith, usul al-hadith, tafsir, ulum al-Qur'an, Qu'ranic recitation, grammar, linguistic, rhetoric, philology, history, literature, genealogy, kalam, logic and Sufism. He also excelled in other sciences such as medicine, engineering, astronomy, and mathematics.

Biography
Birth He was born in or around 1420 CE, in Sunayki, located in the Egyptian province of Sharqiyya. Education During his adolescence, al-Ansārī moved to Cairo to study at al-Azhar University. He lived in such poverty there that he would venture out into the night in search of water faucets and the rinds of watermelon. His most famous teachers were amongst the leading experts of various sacred sciences. • Ibn al-Majdi: He studied mathematics and astronomy under him. • Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani: Zakariyya al-Ansari was one of his close students. He exhaustively studied hadith under him. • Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam: He studied multiple Islamic sciences under him. • Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli: He studied tafsir and principles under him. • Alam al-Din al-Bulqini: He studied jurisprudence and principles under him. • Sharaf al-Din al-Munawi: He studied jurisprudence and hadith under him. • Muhyi al-Din al-Kafiji: He studied the Arabic sciences under him. ==Career==
Career
Teaching position Zakariyya al-Ansari held a number of teaching positions, where he taught in Cairo for eighty years, during which he moved between different schools over his long career, educating in the different Islamic sciences. He was appointed the most prestigious position such as teaching the shrine of Imam al-Shafi'i, and there was no higher position in Egypt than this job. He originally refused this post until Sultan Qaitbay insisted to accept his request, and the dignitaries of the state came to him seeking his approval. Zakariyya had no choice but to agree to this after all the urgency, so that Al-Ashraf Qaytbay said to him: “If you want, I will walk in front of you until I take you to your house.” He agreed and stipulated some things which were privately discussed, and both had to discuss their terms to come to the middle ground. He proceeded with his work with complete integrity and apparent chastity, and he was not afraid encourage good and forbid evil, and he often burdened the advice of Sultan Qaitbay, He continued in this position for twenty years throughout the reign of Sultan Qaitbay, which is a remarkable phenomenon in his era, as it is considered a very long period for other judges. Najm al-Din al-Ghazi said: “He was the ruler of the regions and positions, and Sultan Qaytbay appointed him to judge the judges, and he did not accept him except after a complete review, then he was dismissed from the judiciary because of his insult to the sultan with injustice, and he rebuked him for it explicitly and exposure.” In the year 906 AH, Zakariya al-Ansari was dismissed from the judiciary, and this was during the time of Sultan Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri. This is because he used to rebuke al-Ghawri for injustice a lot, and the words were heavy on him, but it did not take long until he returned to the judiciary after the strong insistence of the princes, and he continued in it for five months, then he isolated himself when he felt that he was unable to carry out the burdens of the judiciary, due to his old age, His eyesight weakened, and his body atrophied, and this was in the same year (906 AH). Students Zakariya al-Ansari was renown in his era. Students came to him from all sides, studying under him, and benefiting from his knowledge. He reached a stage in his era and was distinguished for the shortest chain of the isnad, so a large number of people took from him. • Shihab al-Din al-RamliIbn Hajar al-HaytamiAl-Sha'raniAl-Khatib al-ShirbiniShams al-Din al-Ramli • Nasir al-Din al-Tablawi ==Death==
Death
Zakariya al-Ansari died at the age of 100 years old, he spent all of those years in knowledge, teaching and the judging, and he died in Cairo at the year of 926/1520. His funeral was famous, and countless people witnessed it, and he was buried in the small cave near the grave of Imam Al-Shafi’i, who was affiliated with his school of thought, and was one of his imams and scholars. Al-Sha'rani said: “His funeral was well-known. Al-Alai said He was buried in the minor yard in the soil of Sheikh Najm al-Din al-Khuishati, near the tomb of Imam Al-Shafi’i, in a new watering can built by Judge Sharaf al-Din Qarib ibn Abi al-Mansur for himself, may God Almighty have mercy on him." ==Reception==
Reception
Al-Sha'rani says: “He became the most representative of the people of his time, and the chief of scholars among his peers, and he was blessed with life, knowledge and work, and he was given luck.” Najm al-Din al-Ghazzi said : “The Imam, the Sheikh of the Sheikhs of Islam, the sign of the investigators, the understanding of the verifiers, the tongue of the theologians, the Imam of the jurists and the hadith scholars, the memorizer who is specific to the height of the chains of narrators, and the attachment of the descendants to the ancestors, the scholar, the worker, the complete guardian, the one who combines the law and the truth, and the traveller to God.” Come, I uphold the paths of the way, our Lord and Master, the Chief of Judges, one of the swords of truth.” ==Works==
Works
The topics of Zakaria al-Ansari's writings varied greatly, as he did not leave an art from the arts of Sharia, its instruments, and other various sciences that were taught in his era, such as medicine, engineering, astronomy, arithmetic, geometry and others, except that he classified them. In the classification, he followed the path of the scholars of his time, as it was most of them in that era to abbreviate the books of the predecessors in the form of texts to make it easier for students of knowledge to memorize them, or explain the abbreviated texts to clarify their meanings and remove ambiguity and ambiguity from their expression and manifestation, or put footnotes, which are notes and comments on explanations or fatwa books. • Al-Zabduh al-Ianiqah fi Sharh al-Burdah al-Faraiqah ("The elegant butter in the explanation of Al-Burdah Al-Faraiqah"), a commentary of Al-Burda by Al-Busiri. • ''Al-Futuhat al-'Iilahiat fi Salih al-Nufus al-Bashariati'' ("Divine conquests in the benefit of human souls") Other subjectsFath al-Mubdi ("Open the temples") on Algebra. • ''Hudud 'Aniqat Wataerifat Daqiqatun'' ("Elegant borders and subtle definitions") • ''Al-Lu'lu' Al-Nazim'' in learning education. == See also ==
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