Zhiduo (clothing)

The Buddhist monk's was worn as early as the Tang dynasty. After the middle Tang dynasty, the was worn together with the right bare cassock, called (). The was typically black in colour in the Han dynasty; purple in the Tang dynasty and turned yellow since the Five dynasties period until now as the colour yellow in Buddhism represents the highest set of values: desire-less-ness, humility, and renunciation. In present-days, the Tang dynasty-style which is purple in colour still remains popular among the Japanese Buddhist monks. The was, however, spared from this policy as it was part of the ten exceptions. the Indian Kasaya was also introduced. The Indian Kasaya was composed of the (). However, the Indian Kasaya was not well received in China as the Chinese deeply believed in the Confucian concept of propriety; and as a result, any forms of body exposure was perceived as being improper and was associated with barbarians. Being fully clothed is an expression of Chinese clothing culture, and compared to their Indian counterparts, the Chinese did not perceive the exposure of shoulders as a sign of respect. and () in Korea, This style of dress was imitated until the Tang dynasty, when the and were sewn together to form a single long garment. Modern-day Buddhist monks and laity refer to the long Buddhist robe as (). The wearing of these long robes by Buddhist monks is a legacy of the Tang and Song period. == Types of ==

Casual / The casual was popular among men of the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, it could be worn by both scholar-official and the common people, and has several features: • The bottom of robe reaches below the knee • With overlapping collar • A centre back seam which runs down the robe • With lateral slit on each lower side • Without hem or (), which a decorative narrow panel encircling the robe, usually held in position below the knees File:儒巾_五百罗汉像轴之一_南宋_周季常日本大德寺藏.png|Song dynasty painting of scholars wearing zhiduo. File:Zhou Wenju 重屏会棋图 Palace Museum, Detail of Go Players.jpg|Song dynasty painting of men in zhiduo playing weiqi or go File:松陰論道圖.jpg|Song dynasty painting of a man wearing zhiduo. File:华祖立 玄门十子图 (庚桑楚).jpg|Yuan dynasty portrait of Geng Sangchu wearing zhiduo File:Su shi.jpg|Yuan dynasty portrait of Su Shi wearing zhiduo File:Banbi+zhiduo+aoqun.jpg|A Ming dynasty portrait illustrating a man wearing zhiduo, woman wearing banbi. File:Zhiduo3.jpg|Ming dynasty portrait of men wearing zhiduo File:Zhiduo4.jpg|Ming dynasty portrait of men wearing zhiduo Priests' The priests' was generally worn by a Mahāyāna or Taoist priest, it had been popular since the Song dynasty, and has another several features: • With loose cuffs • With black borders around the edges of robe • With a lan on the waistline of robe The is a style worn by Buddhist monastic and laity who pay homage to the Buddha. It is characterized with wide and loose sleeves, along with wide loose waist and lower hem; these features made them comfortable to wear. Nowadays, the is typically found into the following colours: black which is the colour worn by most followers of Buddhism when they homage to the Buddha, and yellow which is the colour worn by abbot of a temple or by a monastic who is officiating during a Dharma service. It can also be found in dark blue. == Derivatives and influences ==

Japan In Japan, the is known as . The is worn by Japanese Buddhist monks or priests; the robe is typically black or blue. A kesa is worn on top of the . The worn by the Korean Buddhist monks was worn as early as the Goryeo period. Up until the early period of Joseon, the which was worn under the kasaya was in the form of the . There are two types of Buddhist which is worn as monastic robe in present days, the of the Jogye Order and the Taego Order of Buddhism. The of the Jogye Order has structural similarities with the from China whereas the one from the Taego Order is more structurally similar to the traditional , which was a coat without vents, also known as (). The developed in one of the current Korean, long-sleeved Buddhist . A form of present days Buddhist was developed through the combination of the wide sleeves of the with the form of the . The Buddhist was also adopted as the shaman robe in . == Similar items ==

• Daopao • Paofu • Shenyi ==See also==