In the
Records of the Grand Historian he was listed by Sima Qian as the sixteenth Shang king, succeeding his uncle
Wo Jia (). He was enthroned in the year of Dingwei () with Bi () as his capital. He ruled for about 32 years before his death. He was given the posthumous name Zu Ding and was succeeded by his cousin
Nan Geng ().
Oracle script inscriptions on oracle bones unearthed at
Yinxu alternatively record that he was the fifteenth Shang king. ==Attempts at chronological dating==