1868 in Canada

Crown • Monarch – Victoria Federal government • Governor General – Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck • Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald • Parliament – 1st Provincial governments Lieutenant governors • Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Francis Pym Harding (until July 23) then Lemuel Allan Wilmot • Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Charles Hastings Doyle • Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Henry William Stisted (until July 15) then William Pearce Howland • Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau Premiers • Premier of New Brunswick – Andrew Rainsford Wetmore • Premier of Nova Scotia – William Annand • Premier of Ontario – John Sandfield Macdonald • Premier of Quebec – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau Colonies • Secretary of State for the Colonies – The Duke of Buckingham and Chandos then The Earl Granville Governors • Colonial Governor of Newfoundland – Anthony Musgrave • Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – George Dundas (until October 22) then Robert Hodgson • Governor of the Colony of British Columbia – Frederick Seymour Premiers • Colonial Prime Minister of Newfoundland – Frederick Carter • Premier of Colony of Prince Edward Island – George Coles ==Events==

• March 4 — Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario established • April 7 — Father of Confederation Thomas D'Arcy McGee is assassinated in Ottawa by Irish Fenians. • May 26 - The Canadian flag is unofficially introduced. Full date unknown Louis Riel returns to the Red River area • The Hudson's Bay Company agrees to turn Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory over to Canada • The first Federal Militia Act is passed, creating a Canadian army • George-Étienne Cartier created a Baronet ==Births==

January to June • January 16 — Octavia Ritchie, first woman to receive a medical degree in Quebec • January 22 — Adjutor Rivard, lawyer, writer, judge and linguist (died 1945) • February 16 — John Babington Macaulay Baxter, lawyer, jurist and 18th Premier of New Brunswick (died 1946) • March 14 — Emily Murphy, women's rights activist, jurist and author, first woman magistrate in Canada and in the British Empire (died 1933) • April 27 — James Kidd Flemming, businessman, politician and 13th Premier of New Brunswick (died 1927) • May 31 — Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire, politician and 11th Governor General of Canada (died 1938) July to December • July 8 — Henry Cockshutt, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (died 1944) • July 9 — William Alves Boys, politician and barrister (died 1938) • August 25 — Arthur Puttee, politician (died 1957) • August 26 — Charles Stewart, politician and 3rd Premier of Alberta (died 1946) • September 1 — Henri Bourassa, politician and publisher (died 1952) • September 22 — Louise McKinney, first woman sworn into the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and first woman elected to a legislature in Canada and in the British Empire (died 1931) • September 28 — Herbert Alexander Bruce, surgeon and 15th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (died 1963) • November 9 — Marie Dressler, actress (died 1934) • December 11 — William Parks, geologist and paleontologist (died 1936) ==Deaths==

• January 19 — Frederic, Roman Catholic priest, missionary, and bishop (born 1797) • January 25 — Alexander Roberts Dunn, first Canadian awarded the Victoria Cross (born 18) • January 28 — Edmund Walker Head, Governor (born 1805) • February 19 — Dominick Daly, politician (born 1798) • April 7 — D'Arcy McGee, journalist, politician and Father of Confederation, assassinated (born 1825) • August 7 — William Agar Adamson, Church of England clergyman and author (born 1800) • September 12 — Charles Dickson Archibald, lawyer, businessman and politician (born 1802) • October 17 — Laura Secord, heroine of the War of 1812 (born 1775) ==References==