Fall of communism Following the
1990 mass pro-democracy demonstrations, the
General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party,
Jambyn Batmönkh, and other
politburo leaders announced their resignation on March 1990, paving the way for democratic change in Mongolia. On 21 March 1990, during the 8th
Extraordinary People's Grand Khural session, the following constitutional provision: "The guiding force of the
Mongolian People's Republic is the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, which uses the all-conquering
Marxist-Leninist theory in its operations." was removed from the
Constitution of the MPR; officially ending 70 years of
one-party rule. (leftmost) and PM
Dashiin Byambasüren (rightmost) In January 1992, a
new constitution was ratified, renaming the country
Mongolia and changing Ochirbat's title to "
President of Mongolia and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces." After the ratification,
parliamentary elections were held on 28 June 1992. The MPRP once again won a
supermajority, securing 70 out of the total 76 seats in the reformed
State Great Khural with 57% of the vote. This was largely attributed to the party's adoption of
multiparty governance and its support for a
free market economy. The
Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP), an opposition alliance between the
Mongolian National Progress Party and the
Mongolian Democratic Party, was led by
Tsaikhiagiin Elbegdorj and won four seats with 17% of the vote. The
Mongolian Social Democratic Party, supported by the
German SPD, won one seat with 10% of the vote. ==Candidates==