1st Czechoslovak Independent Armoured Brigade

The 1st Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade was created on 1 September 1943, when the 1st Czechoslovak Independent Brigade (itself originally formed as 1st Czechoslovak Mixed Brigade in July 1940 from remnants of the 1st Czechoslovak Division serving in the French Army) converted to armour and was renamed the 1st Czechoslovak Independent Armoured Brigade Group (this was often simplified to 1st Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade or abbreviated 1st CIABG). The brigade was under the command of Major General Alois Liška. The motorised infantry battalion of the brigade traced its lineage back to Czechoslovak units that had fought in Libya and Lebanon, notably the 11th Infantry Battalion which took part in the defence of Tobruk. ==Siege of Dunkirk==

of the Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade at De Panne, Belgium in 1945 The formation continued to train in the UK until the summer of 1944 when, with some 4,000 troops under command, it moved to Normandy, joining 21st Army Group at Falaise on 30 August. On 6 October, the brigade advanced to Dunkirk, northern France, and relieved the 154 (Highland) Infantry Brigade on the eastern side of fortress Dunkirk. The brigade was subordinated to the First Canadian Army, which was responsible for the conduct of the siege. The brigade's tank units were primarily equipped with the Cromwell tank and a number of 17-pounder Sherman tanks (Sherman Firefly), Cruiser Mk VIII Challenger tanks and M5 Stuart light tanks. M5 Stuarts, Humber scout cars and Cromwell tanks. ==Return to Czechoslovakia==

by Plzeň On 23 April, a symbolic 140-men strong unit detached from the troops besieging Dunkirk, led by Major Sítek, joined with the 3rd US Army and raised the Czechoslovak flag on its homeland border crossing on 1 May 1945 at Cheb. The Dunkirk garrison did not surrender until after the surrender of Germany, 9 May 1945, when 15,500 German troops and three U-boats were captured by the Czechoslovaks. The brigade then marched to Prague, reaching the city on 18 May 1945, eight days after the arrival of Soviet-sponsored Czechoslovak troops commanded by Ludvík Svoboda. During the siege of Dunkirk, the Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade suffered 668 casualties; 167 dead, 461 wounded, and 40 missing. ==Order of battle==

Organization in September 1944: :1st Czechoslovak Tank Battalion :2nd Czechoslovak Tank Battalion :1st Czechoslovak Motorized Infantry Battalion (two companies) :Artillery regiment (two batteries) :Anti-tank battalion :Engineer battalion (two companies) :Reconnaissance squadron (became 3rd Czechoslovak Tank Battalion in late 1944) Organization in May 1945: :1st Czechoslovak Tank Battalion :2nd Czechoslovak Tank Battalion :3rd Czechoslovak Tank Battalion :1st Czechoslovak Motorized Infantry Battalion (three companies) :Artillery regiment (three batteries) :Anti-tank battalion :Engineer battalion (three companies) ==Notes and references==