By place Seleucid Empire •
Antiochus III's forces continue their
invasion of
Coele Syria and
Palestine. • Conquest of Armenia by the Seleucids.
Greece •
Philip V of Macedon's
fleet defeat the
Rhodians at
Lade. His forces then advance into
Pergamum,
plundering Pergamese territory and
attacking cities in
Caria. • The
Acarnanians, with
Macedonian support, invade
Attica, causing
Athens, which has previously maintained its
neutrality, to seek help from the enemies of Philip.
Attalus I of
Pergamum, who is with his
fleet at
Aegina, receives an
embassy from
Athens asking him to come to the city for
consultations. After he is told that
Roman ambassadors are also in Athens, Attalus goes there in haste. • The Roman ambassador to
Greece,
Syria, and
Egypt,
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus delivers an
ultimatum to Philip V warning Macedonia not to make war on any Greek state. Philip decides to reject the Roman
ultimatum and the Romans
declare war on Macedon, thus starting the
Second Macedonian War. • The Roman consul,
Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus, asks
Attalus I and his
fleet to meet up with the Roman fleet off the Greek
Aegean coast and they conduct a naval campaign against Philip V,
harassing Macedonian possessions in and along the
Aegean.
Roman Republic Bactria •
Euthydemus I of the
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom dies and is succeeded by his son
Demetrius I of Bactria (approximate date).
South America • The city of
Tiwanaku is founded as a
village near
Lake Titicaca in modern
Bolivia (approximate date). • The Early Horizon period in the
Andes comes to an end as the
Chavin culture vanishes and is succeeded by the
Nazca culture (approximate date).
China •
Chinese create a padding material. • The construction of the Wei-Yang Palace in the
Han dynasty capital (
Chang'an) begins. • The
Han emperor Gaozu is defeated by the
Xiongnu, led by
Modu Chanyu, in the
Battle of Baideng.
By topic Art •
Alexander the Great, head from a
Hellenistic copy of a statue, possibly after a
4th century BC original by
Lysippos is made. It is now kept at the Archeological Museum in
Istanbul,
Turkey. •
Lost-wax casting is known in
China and
Mesopotamia (approximate date). • Roman artists begin attempting to produce the illusion of thin slabs of colored marble covering the walls, which are set off by actual architectural moldings and columns, in private houses. These attempts last for
120 years.
Astronomy • The first good measurement of the distance between
Earth and the
Sun is made by
Eratosthenes (approximate date). By studying
lunar eclipses, his result is roughly 150 000 000 km. The currently accepted value is 149 597 870 691 ± 30 metres. == In fiction ==