s. (seen pictured elsewhere in 2001) also attended APEC China 2001, whose leaders agreed to actions to reduce the "
digital divide" between its
more and
less developed members The leaders agreed that, despite the sound fundamentals of their economies, meant that they should "act quickly and decisively to stabilize markets, boost global demand, and facilitate an early pick-up in global economic activity".
US trade representative Robert Zoellick praised China for its efforts at APEC and the following months for pushing such member economies to join the
Doha round of trade negotiations. In light of the growing importance of the
internet, the leaders also agreed to take steps—including two programs arranged at the earlier ministerial meetings—to expand
digital penetration to all members, with the aim of reducing the "
digital divide" between
more and
less developed states.
Bush spoke of the fight against
terrorism as "the urgent task of our time", claiming "there is no isolation from evil" and "every nation must oppose this enemy or turn into its target". He used the conferences, particularly his centerpiece address, as an opportunity to enlist the support of Asian political and business leaders for counterterrorism and
his nascent war in Afghanistan, as well as economic recovery from the attacks. Rather than considering these cases separately, Jiang advocated "a unanimous attitude and a sole standard should be adopted in fighting terrorism and... all forms of terrorism should be opposed and crushed".—presented a quandary to Chinese officials, since the available options of representative clothing were by turns too revolutionary (
Mao suits), too imperialist (
Qing changshan and
qipao), too archaic (earlier
Hanfu), or too international (
business suits). In lieu of selecting any of these, Jiang presented world leaders with the "
tang suit" or
tangzhuang, an "ambiguously traditional"
silk jacket with a
Mandarin collar and
knotted buttons that employed western
sartorial techniques like
draping,
darts,
set-in sleeves, and
shoulder pads Every leader at APEC 2001 wore one of them—most opting for
blue—with a pattern of embroidered
peonies surrounding APEC logos. A "tangzhuang craze" began immediately among the Chinese and continued over the next few years. Although the APEC jackets' fabric was supposedly enhanced with advanced synthetic fiber and the outfit's designers took pains to highlight its modern elements, and have come to be treated as an ethnic costume to wear for
traditional festivals. Its inauthenticity in that role—its closest predecessor was the
Manchu "
horse jacket" (
magua) rather than anything from the
Tang dynasty—eventually led to the
Hanfu movement, aiming to revive ancient and medieval
Chinese fashions. ==Notes==