While small-scale demonstrations were already held sporadically, mass protests took place on 23 and 24 September, the last two days before the term end of the incumbent parliament members. The protest spread nationwide, including Jakarta, Bandung,
Yogyakarta,
Surabaya,
Malang,
Palembang,
Medan, Padang,
Semarang,
Surakarta,
Lampung,
Aceh,
Palu,
Bogor,
Denpasar,
Makassar,
Balikpapan,
Samarinda,
Purwokerto,
Tasikmalaya,
Kediri,
Tanjungpinang,
Cirebon,
Jombang, and others.
23 September Students of various universities in the
Jakarta metropolitan area responded to calls on social media to gather in front of the
National Parliament Building in Jakarta. There was also a small presence of a student organisation, the Progressive Student for Anti-Corruption (MAPAK). On this day, both sides of the pro and anti-bill camps were present at the place. Anti-bill camp increased its number as time progresses, blocking the
Gatot Subroto Avenue on the way to
Slipi. Large numbers of farmers also joined the event from the afternoon to protest against the Land Bill, marching down from the
Merdeka Palace. While there were attempts to block the
Jakarta Inner Ring Road, the rally ended without significant altercation. Rallies were also held peacefully in other cities, including Yogyakarta, Bandung, Malang, Balikpapan, Samarinda and Purwokerto. Rallies in Yogyakarta, Bandung, and Malang gathered more than a thousand participants.
24 September officers and
Brimob water cannons in front of the
DPR/MPR Building in Jakarta, 24 September 2019.
Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police received an announcement for another rally scheduled on 24 September 2019. In anticipation of the event, a total of 18,000 personnel was deployed around the parliament building. Another 252 police officers were dispatched for traffic control. The police acknowledged the destruction of three police and military vehicles as well as three police outposts. They also confirmed the arrest of 94 protesters, injury of 254 protesters and 39 police officers. Among them, eleven are reportedly hospitalised, and three are critically injured. The number of participants in the Jakarta protest reached tens of thousands.
25 September Vocational school students from various parts of the Jakarta metropolitan area continued the rioting in front of the parliament building. On one occasion, a
molotov cocktail was thrown towards police barricades. The police apprehended 17 protesters, mostly underage students. The police reported that some of the protesters do not recognise the content of the bill, they admitted that they was paid and persuaded by KPK officials who affiliated with Taliban and some elites. The police have confirmed the deaths of two protesters. One is a high school student who died in a traffic accident on the way to the demonstration in Jakarta. The other one, neither a high school nor university student, likely died due to suffocation. In Surabaya, the head of provincial legislative council Kusnadi reached out to protesters, explained that he has no authority to overturn the controversial bills and he also disagreed personally to the decisions made by the national parliament.
26 September In
Kendari,
Southeast Sulawesi, two students died after a violent clash between the protesters and police in front of the provincial legislative council (DPRD) building. A student was allegedly shot, and the Indonesian Ombudsman has launched an investigation into the origin of the bullet. Southeast Sulawesi police chief denied the use of live rounds nor rubber bullets by the police force. Later that evening, another student succumbed to blunt force injuries to the skull, after attempts to operate on his injuries failed to improve his condition. Usman Hamid of
Amnesty International demanded the authority for an immediate investigation and accountability. Solidarity rallies for the victims were held throughout the country. Rallies were continuously held nationwide, including in Surabaya,
Magelang, and
Ciamis. In Magelang, an employee of the
Ministry of Transportation was injured during the evacuation from the riot.
27 September Hundreds of students from the
Muslim Students Association (HMI) held a protest and burned tires in front of the parliament building in Jakarta and elsewhere, demanding accountability for the two victims in South Sulawesi. A clash occurred between the protesters and riot police in Makassar, and one protester was hit by a
riot control vehicle.
30 September As the last parliament session was being held, protests are again being held in several cities. In Jakarta, protesters were blocked from protesting in front of the parliament building as it was barricaded by the police. Protests were held peacefully in
Mataram,
Pekanbaru, Yogyakarta and Kendari. ==Reactions==