2022 G20 Bali summit

Initially, Indonesia was slated to host the G20 Summit in 2023. However, as Indonesia was also slated to hold the Chairmanship of ASEAN in 2023, India which was slated to hold the summit in 2022 agreed to exchange presidency timings with Indonesia. "Indonesia will hold the G20 Presidency in DEC 2022 while India will hold the Presidency a year after", said Retno. ==Preparations==

The Indonesian government budgeted Rp 674 billion (~USD 45 million) for the G20 events. For the event's security, the Indonesian government deployed around 10,000 police officers and 18,000 soldiers, including 6,000 soldiers from Kodam IX/Udayana headquartered in Bali. Shortly before, during, and after the summit, flights to Bali's I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport became restricted, with limited operating hours for commercial aircraft and a ban against commercial aircraft staying overnight. Some flights are redirected to nearby airports in Surabaya, Lombok, and Makassar. Venue Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the economy of the tourism-dependent Bali had been devastated, with the G20 summit event being seen as an opportunity to boost tourism to the island to pre-pandemic levels. The main venue of the summit is at The Apurva Kempinski Bali resort in Nusa Dua, Badung Regency. Other venues that also took part of the G20 summit were the Bali International Convention Center for the media center, the Sofitel Bali Nusa Dua Beach Resort for the Spouse Program, Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park for a mangrove planting session and Garuda Wisnu Kencana Cultural Park for the gala dinner as well as the traditional performances. ==Issues==

Russia and Ukraine Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, some countries called for Russian president Vladimir Putin to be excluded from the G20. In March 2022, Polish economic development minister Piotr Nowak said that he had presented a proposal to exclude Russia in meetings with the United States, which United States president Joe Biden subsequently indicated support for. China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Wang Wenbin rejected these calls, saying that no member had the right to remove another country as member. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said the group should "re-evaluate" Russia's participation. The Indonesian government initially attempted to keep the Russian invasion of Ukraine off of the meeting's agenda. Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi said her country's government would consider the views and suggestions of other members but that summit is meant to focus on pandemic and economic recovery. In April 2022, United States Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen said she will not participate in sessions at the Bali summit which include Russian delegates. At the 2nd Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governor Meeting several weeks later, various finance officials including Yellen, President of the European Central Bank Christine Lagarde, Canadian Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland, and Ukrainian Finance Minister Serhiy Marchenko walked out when a Russian delegate began to speak at the event. At a press conference several days later, Freeland said that Canada wanted Russia removed from G20, and that Canadian delegates would not take part in meetings that included Russia. Indonesia's President Joko Widodo in April invited President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, to the conference, while Putin confirmed in a phone call with Widodo that he would also attend the conference. Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese indicated that he would attend the conference regardless of Russia's presence. Trudeau also stated that Canada would still attend the conference if Putin were to attend. Following the 2022 G7 summit, German chancellor Olaf Scholz noted that the G7 leaders "did not want to drive G20 apart", and European Commission head Ursula von der Leyen noted that she would not oppose attending the conference with Putin. Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni claimed she would be attending. On 10 November 2022, the Russian embassy in Jakarta confirmed that Putin would skip the G20 summit, with Foreign Affairs Minister Sergey Lavrov instead attending in his place. ==Outcome==

Russia–Ukraine War During the summit, US President Joe Biden said that he and Chinese leader Xi Jinping jointly agreed that Russia should not use nuclear weapons in Ukraine while Chinese state media outlet Xinhua said that Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi told his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov that Moscow's position of eschewing nuclear warfare showed the country's "rational" and "responsible" attitude. Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy addressed the meeting virtually, referring to it as the "G19" in a snub against Russia. The Washington Post reported that China along with Russia opposed the usage of the word "war" to describe Russia's invasion of Ukraine and its inclusion into the text of the G20's final communiqué. The joint declaration eventually included a statement that "most members" condemned Russia's invasion, although also acknowledging "that there were other views and different assessments of the situation". Due to the 2022 missile explosion in Poland, the summit's schedule was briefly interrupted on the second day as G7 and some NATO leaders in the summit held an emergency meeting. Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov had left the summit late in the first day, prior to the incident. Many of the G20 leaders also declined to be photographed along with Lavrov or a Russian delegation, resulting in the lack of a G20 "family photo" in 2022. During a speech at the summit, Zelenskyy proposed a 10-point peace plan, which demanded Russia "withdraw all its troops and armed formations from the territory of Ukraine". US–China relations met with Chinese leader Xi Jinping on 14 November 2022. It was the first time they met in person since Biden became president.|thumb In the lead up to the conference, US officials had contacted their Chinese counterparts in order to arrange a meeting between Biden and Xi, and the meeting between the two occurred on 14 November, taking three hours. The meeting was designated to help restore relations and communication between the two countries, which had deteriorated following the 2022 visit by Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan. Biden later declared that there would not be a "new Cold War" between the US and China. although the two leaders did not declare an agreement on the Taiwan question. Indonesian decarbonisation The G7 countries, EU, Denmark and Norway announced a 20 billion US-dollar deal to decarbonise Indonesia's coal-powered economy, the so-called Indonesia Just Energy Transition Partnership. ==Participating leaders==

File:Mensaje de fin de año del Presidente Alberto Fernández (cropped).jpg|alt=ArgentinaAlberto Fernández, President|''''''Alberto Fernández, President File:Anthony Albanese portrait (cropped).jpg|alt=AustraliaAnthony Albanese, Prime Minister|''''''Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister File:Minister Carlos Alberto França.jpg|alt=BrazilCarlos Alberto França, Foreign Minister|''''''Carlos Alberto França, Foreign Minister File:Prime Minister Trudeau's message on Christmas 2023 (0m29s) (cropped).jpg|alt=Canada Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister|'''''' Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister File:Xi Jinping in 2025.jpg|alt=ChinaXi Jinping, President|''''''Xi Jinping, CCP General Secretary and President File:Emmanuel Macron - June 2025 (3x4 cropped).jpg| FranceEmmanuel Macron,President File:Olaf Scholz September 2024.jpg|alt=GermanyOlaf Scholz, Chancellor|''''''Olaf Scholz, Chancellor File:Shri Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India (3x4 cropped).jpg|alt=IndiaNarendra Modi, Prime Minister|''''''Narendra Modi, Prime Minister File:Joko Widodo 2019 official portrait.jpg|alt=IndonesiaJoko Widodo, President (Host)|'Joko Widodo, President (Host)' File:Giorgia Meloni Official 2024 (cropped).jpg|alt=ItalyGiorgia Meloni, Prime Minister|''''''Giorgia Meloni, Prime Minister File:Fumio Kishida 20211005 (cropped).jpg|alt=Japan Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister|'''''' Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister File:Marcelo Ebrard en la conferencia matutina (cropped).jpg|alt=MexicoMarcelo Ebrard, Secretary of Foreign Affairs|''''''Marcelo Ebrard, Secretary of Foreign Affairs File:Сергей Лавров (29-05-2025) (cropped).jpg|alt=RussiaSergei Lavrov, Foreign Minister|''''''Sergei Lavrov, Foreign Minister File:Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud - 2017.jpg|alt=Saudi ArabiaMohammad bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister|''''''Mohammad bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister File:Prime Minister Sunak met with President Ramaphosa of South Africa in Number 10 - 2022 (cropped).jpg|alt=South AfricaCyril Ramaphosa, President|''''''Cyril Ramaphosa, President File:South Korea President Yoon Suk Yeol portrait.jpg|alt=South KoreaYoon Suk-yeol, President|''''''Yoon Suk-yeol, President File:Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in January 2024 (cropped).jpg|alt=TurkeyRecep Tayyip Erdoğan, President|''''''Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, President File:Portrait of Prime Minister Rishi Sunak (cropped).jpg|alt=United Kingdom Rishi Sunak, Prime Minister|''''''Rishi Sunak, Prime Minister File:Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|alt=United States Joe Biden, President|'''''' Joe Biden, President File:Official Portrait of Ursula von der Leyen (cropped).jpg|alt=European UnionUrsula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission|''''''Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission File:Charles Michel (49467991288).jpg|alt=European UnionCharles Michel, President of the European Council|''''''Charles Michel, President of the European Council ==Participating invited guests==

File:Ratu Inoke Kubuabola (cropped).jpg|alt=FijiInoke Kubuabola, Special Envoy2022 Chairperson of the Pacific Islands Forum|''''''Inoke Kubuabola, Special Envoy2022 Chairperson of the Pacific Islands Forum File:Paul Kagame 2014.jpg|alt=RwandaPaul Kagame, President, 2022 Chairperson of NEPAD|''''''Paul Kagame, President, 2022 Chairperson of NEPAD File:President Macky Sall in 2020.jpg|alt=SenegalMacky Sall, President, 2022 Chairperson of the African Union|''''''Macky Sall, President, 2022 Chairperson of the African Union File:Lee Hsien Loong 2022.jpg|alt=SingaporeLee Hsien Loong, Prime MinisterChairperson of the Global Governance Group|''''''Lee Hsien Loong, Prime MinisterChairperson of the Global Governance Group File:Pedro Sánchez in 2023.jpg|alt=SpainPedro Sánchez, Prime Minister Permanent guest invitee|''''''Pedro Sánchez, Prime Minister Permanent guest invitee File:Albert Ramdin, 2014.jpg|alt=SurinameAlbert Ramdin, Foreign Minister2022 Chairperson of the Caribbean Community|''''''Albert Ramdin, Foreign Minister2022 Chairperson of the Caribbean Community File:Volodymyr Zelensky Official portrait (cropped).jpg|alt=UkraineVolodymyr Zelenskyy, President(Virtual)|''''''Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President Absent guests Prime Minister of Cambodia, as well as 2022 Chairperson of Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Hun Sen cancelled his attendance and returned to Cambodia before the start of the summit because he was tested positive for COVID-19. == Participating international organization guests ==

File:Masatsugu Ashakawa.jpg| Asian Development BankMasatsugu Asakawa, President File:Gianni Infantino 2019.jpg| FIFAGianni Infantino, President File:Klaas Knot (born 1967) at World Economic Forum Davos 2022 (cropped).png| Financial Stability BoardKlaas Knot, Chair File:Gilbert Houngbo.jpg|International Labour OrganizationGilbert Houngbo, Director-General File:Kristalina Georgieva Headshot.jpg|International Monetary Fund Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director File:Thomas Bach (13951010204).jpg| International Olympic CommitteeThomas Bach, President File:Al Jasser (cropped).jpg|Islamic Development BankMuhammed Al-Jasser, President File:António Guterres November 2016.jpg| United NationsAntónio Guterres, Secretary-General File:Klaus Schwab - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg| World Economic ForumKlaus Schwab, Founder & Executive Chairman File:Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala takes over as new WTO Director-General, 1 March 2021 (50993534756) (cropped).jpg| World Trade OrganizationNgozi Okonjo-Iweala, Director-General ==Notes==