In Turkey There were 53,537 deaths and 107,213 injured across 11 of the 17 affected
provinces of Turkey. About 140 people remain missing; 118 in Hatay Province. At least 15.73 million people and 4 million buildings were affected. More than 2 million residents in the affected provinces were evacuated to nearby provinces including
Mersin,
Antalya,
Mardin,
Niğde and
Konya. At least 518,009 houses and over 345,000 apartments were destroyed. More than 20 percent of Turkey's agriculture production was affected. The United Nations said crops, livestock, fisheries, aquaculture and rural infrastructure were heavily damaged. By 23 February 2023, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change conducted damage inspections for 1.25 million buildings; revealing 164,000 buildings were either destroyed or severely damaged. Another inspection carried out in March revealed that 1,411,304 housing units sustained light to moderate damage. The
International Organization for Migration estimated over 2.7 million people were made homeless. Additionally, the
International Labour Organization estimated that 658,000 workers in Turkey and 170,000 others in Syria had lost their jobs as a result of the earthquake, increasing risks of
poverty and
child labour. A damage assessment by the Turkish government revealed at least 61,722 buildings had to be demolished including 11,900 in Gaziantep Province, 10,900 in Hatay Province, 10,800 in Kahramanmaraş Province and 36,046 in Malatya Province. Broad fissures appeared on roads. During recovery efforts, body parts were often found in the rubble. In
Adana, 12 buildings collapsed in the city center, 23 were badly damaged and 120 were moderately damaged. Three apartments were among the buildings that were destroyed in the city; the collapse of the 14-storey Alpargün Apartment in
Çukurova resulted in 96 deaths. Across
Adana Province, damage assessments revealed 59 buildings, 1,274 apartments and 2,952 houses were destroyed, severely damaged or required demolition. Two hotels collapsed in Malatya, causing many casualties. as did the historic
Yeni Camii mosque. Damage was also reported at the
Arslantepe Mound. In
Akçadağ, 29 people died, 93 were injured, 32 buildings collapsed and 78 were seriously damaged. At least 263 deaths were reported in
Doğanşehir, where roughly 6,000 of the 12,000 buildings collapsed or suffered heavy damage. Across
Gaziantep Province, 12,964 buildings, 31,522 apartments and 29,155 houses collapsed, were severely damaged or required demolition, while 486,779 other structures, including 256,748 houses, 196,199 apartments and 33,832 buildings had been damaged.
Şirvani Mosque The city recorded 16,211 collapses and buildings which were severely damaged or required demolition. In the city center, at least 154 people died after a four-story building collapsed; four other collapsed buildings left another 102 dead. In
Nizip, at least 51 people were killed when a six-story apartment building collapsed.
Gaziantep Oğuzeli Airport was forced to restrict its service to rescue flights. Mass graves were created to bury the overwhelming number of dead. On 13 February, it was announced that due to the extreme damage observed in Nurdağı, that all buildings in the district would be demolished and rebuilt. In
İslahiye, there were 1,368 deaths, over 1,500 injuries and more than 200 destroyed apartments. There were over 130 deaths in
Sulumağara; 200 in
Altınüzüm; and 300–400 in Keküklü. Six train carriages at a maintenance station overturned, after rockslides obstructed a railroad near
Fevzipaşa Railway Station. In
Hatay Province, 13,517 buildings collapsed, 8,162 required demolition and 67,346 were heavily damaged, along with 215,255 houses. In Antakya, 70 percent of homes and 6,369 buildings collapsed, 3,734 had to be demolished and 21,830 were badly damaged. The runway at
Hatay Airport was split and uplifted, causing flight cancellations. The
Ankara Metropolitan Municipality completed repairs on the airport on 12 February, allowing its reopening. Two provincial hospitals and a police station were destroyed, and a
gas pipeline exploded. The
building that housed the assembly of
Hatay State was destroyed, as was
St. Paul's Church and the
Habib'i Neccar Mosque, while damage occurred at the
Antakya Synagogue and the
Hatay Archaeology Museum. and nearly every house in the central and Cebrail districts collapsed. At least 982 buildings were destroyed, 8,894 others were badly damaged and 943 had to be demolished in
Defne. killing at least 269 and leaving 46 missing as presumed dead. In May 2023, an investigation by
The New York Times found that inadequate design and safety lapses may have contributed to its collapse. An engineer revealed to the newspaper; "the building violated the basic tenets of engineering," after inspecting its blueprints. Contractors of the building said they adhered to building regulations but those were not enough against the earthquake. The 13-storey apartment block consists of three closely spaced buildings linked externally, but not structurally; when the collapse occurred, all three buildings separated. The basement, two-storey parking space was considered the "strongest part" of the complex as it had more concrete walls than other parts of the structure. The building's exterior walls and those that separated units and rooms consisted of heavy masonry which may have prevented the structure from swaying and possibly held the building mostly intact despite toppling. The building was considered a
soft story structure as the ground floor had fewer masonry walls which meant it was at greater risk of damage from
seismic ground motion. Among other factors were that the core concrete columns which housed the elevator systems were situated along the north side which left the south side vulnerable without adequate support. Another reason was that beams emerging from either side of the building were misaligned and did not connect to each other. These features may have contributed to the building overturning onto its south side. believed to have originated from a container carrying flammable industrial oil, forcing the port's closure and the diversion of many ships. It was extinguished on 6 and 8 February, only for it to reignite the next day each time. It was finally extinguished on 10 February. A total of 3,670 containers were destroyed by the fire and the port managing authority said it would take three months for operations to resume. The city saw 534 buildings collapse, 337 requiring demolition and 4,622 receiving severe damage. The
Cathedral of the Annunciation, seat of the Roman Catholic
Apostolic Vicariate of Anatolia, was almost completely destroyed. In
Samandağ, 670 buildings collapsed, 9,212 were badly damaged or required demolition In
Kırıkhan District, 1,886 buildings collapsed and 7,190 others were severely damaged or required demolition; In the village of
Bektashli, 49 people died after their homes collapsed due to severe rockfalls. A section of the
Kırıkhan-Reyhanlı highway near
Akpınar was severely damaged and buckled. In
Erzin District, 31 buildings collapsed and 897 were heavily damaged or had to be demolished. At least 700 people died, 187 buildings collapsed, 2,176 others were badly damaged and 194 others had to be demolished in
Arsuz. In
Altınözü, 838 buildings were destroyed, 3,892 others were badly damaged and 650 others required demolition. for more than 5,000 bodies. Around 75 percent of the city's buildings were damaged or destroyed. At least 413 people were killed, 379 were injured and 872 buildings collapsed in
Pazarcık District. At Ordekdede, a village in the district, 34 people died and almost all single-story buildings were decimated, with none of the village's 140 houses structurally stable. In
Elbistan, 1,038 people died, 3,000 were injured and 2,000 buildings were destroyed. At least 11 people died, 107 houses were destroyed and 70 percent of the building stock were damaged in
Ekinözü. In
Afşin, at least 180 people died. At least 335 buildings including 90 in the city center were destroyed. The Afşin-Elbistan Thermal Power Plant was also damaged. In
Ericek, a village in
Göksun, 95 percent of homes were affected and 152 died. In
Nurhak, there were around 200 deaths and all houses were severely damaged. In
Adıyaman Province, over 20,000 buildings and 56,256 houses were destroyed. Many buildings along Atatürk Boulevard collapsed. The city hall, a 6th-century mosque and
Gölbaşı District's state hospital were also destroyed.
Isias Hotel, the largest hotel in the city, also collapsed, killing 65 people. Up to 10 percent of Adıyaman's population perished. The mayor of
Kömür said the Karapınar and Bahçelievler neighborhoods were nearly destroyed. Destruction also occurred in Barbaros, Sümerevler and
Karapınar districts. In Harmanlı,
Gölbaşı, 80–90 percent of it was destroyed. The second earthquake destroyed three buildings in the province. There were also 410 deaths in
Besni District, about 90 percent of them in
the town itself. At least 103 people were killed and dozens more were injured in
Çelikhan District, including 11 in Avaspi and 10 in
Pınarbaşı, Çelikhan. while in
Kâhta, 55 people died. In
Diyarbakir Province, 8,602 houses were severely damaged or destroyed, and 124,432 others were partially damaged. The adjacent World Heritage Site of
Hevsel Gardens and
St. George's Church were also damaged. Part of the Galeria complex in
Yenişehir, which included a shopping mall and dozens of apartments collapsed, killing 89 and injuring 22. At least 466 buildings were heavily damaged in
Şanlıurfa Province; 201 were destroyed. Thirty-three people were killed in the collapse of the Osman Ağan Apartment. In
Osmaniye Province, of the 22,841 buildings surveyed, 2,531 were heavily damaged, destroyed or required demolition. In
Düziçi, 192 buildings were destroyed or required demolition, Many additional buildings were also destroyed or needed to be demolished in the province, including 174 in
Bahçe, 111 in
Kadirli, 87 in
Hasanbeyli, 19 in
Toprakkale and 13 in
Sumbas. In
Kilis Province, 448 buildings were destroyed along with 2,514 houses. Damage assessments in
Elazığ Province showed that 10,156 households and 664 buildings collapsed or were severely damaged, with minor-to-moderate damage being recorded in 32,673 homes; Compared to neighboring provinces, damage and casualties were much less severe as most of the buildings in Elazığ received updated guidelines after the
2020 Elazığ earthquake. In
Batman Province, 218 buildings were damaged and 15 more collapsed. In Mardin Province, 59 buildings were heavily damaged and another 190 were slightly damaged and a death related to a heart attack occurred in
Kızıltepe District. In
Bingöl Province, several houses cracked and some livestock were killed by collapsing barns. In
Samsun, damage occurred in
Samsun Stadium. In
Kayseri Province, eight buildings collapsed, while 5,252 others were damaged to some extent. Several houses were damaged and a barn collapsed in
Muş Province. In
Sivas Province, the second earthquake destroyed a few houses. In
Giresun Province, a five-story building was damaged and evacuated. The dead included member of the
Grand National Assembly of Turkey for Adıyaman
Yakup Taş,
Yeni Malatyaspor goalkeeper
Ahmet Eyüp Türkaslan, former
Turkish national handball team player
Cemal Kütahya and his five-year-old son, and Saul Cenudioğlu, leader of the Jewish community in Antakya, who died along with his wife. Three Turkish soldiers died during rescue operations. Twenty-six local journalists, four doctors, 120 police officers and 32
gendarmeries were among the dead.
In Syria According to Turkish-backed officials on 2 February 2024, 4,537 people died in rebel-held areas while 1,414 died in government-controlled areas. The International Blue Crescent placed the death toll in Syria at 8,476. The
Syrian Ministry of Health said over 2,248 died, most were in
Aleppo and
Latakia. In rebel-held areas, at least 4,547 people died. In a report by the
International Medical Corps dated 8 March 2023, 7,259 people were confirmed dead. Among the dead included 2,153 children and 1,524 women. The
Syrian Network for Human Rights stated 73 medics, five media personnel, 62 workers in humanitarian agencies, and four civil defense personnel were among the dead. The
Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said additional dead were buried before being registered and some victims died in hospitals. An estimated 5.37 million people across Syria may have been made homeless, while 10.9 million people, nearly half of Syria's population, were affected. More than 123 residential areas, villages, towns and cities were badly damaged. Many power plants, water facilities, hospitals and public infrastructure also sustained damage. Across the country, 22,452 housing units were destroyed and 62,878 others were damaged. Hundreds were killed in the town of
Atarib. and at least 250 buildings were razed; among the deaths were a family of seven—the only survivor was a newborn. In
Jableh, at least 283 people died, 173 were injured and 19 buildings collapsed. Four bodies were recovered and 15 bodies were in the process of recovery during debris clearance on 10 February. On 11 February, six bodies were retrieved from the rubble of a collapsed house along al-Maliyeh Street. Civilians were stuck under the rubble for hours due to the lack of rescue teams in several villages such as Atarib,
Besnaya, Jindires,
Maland,
Salqin and
Sarmada. In
Latakia Governorate, 142,000 people were affected; at least 805 people died and 1,131 others were injured. The region's governor said 105 buildings were destroyed, 247 were at risk of collapse and 900 others were severely damaged. At
Latakia University, ten students, three employees and a professor died. At least 48 people were killed in
Hama, of which 43 were from the collapse of an eight-story building. Cracks appeared in the
Afrin Dam, causing great concern from local leaders. It was weakened after years of lack of care during the
Syrian civil war. On 9 February, the
Orontes River burst its banks, flooding the village of
Al-Tloul, which was exacerbated by heavy rains along the
Orontes River basin. Nearly all its residents fled; about 500 families were displaced. In
Atarib, 148 bodies arrived at an underground hospital. A doctor at the hospital said some bodies were missing their head or limbs. Various archaeological sites in
Tartus Governorate were damaged, including the
Khawabi Castle and
Aleika Castle. Damage to historical towers and infrastructure were also reported in
Tartus and
Safita. The
Syrian American Medical Society's president, Amjad Rass, said emergency rooms were packed with injured. In
Idlib Governorate, one hospital received 30 bodies. In the village of
Azmarin, Idlib Governorate, at least 260 people died, 300 were injured, and 100 were rescued. Fifteen buildings in the village were leveled and about 50 percent of its housing stock had cracks. Footballer
Nader Joukhadar, who played for the
Syria national football team, died alongside his son when their home collapsed in Jableh. According to the
International Rescue Committee, the earthquake struck when rebel-held areas were preparing for a blizzard and experiencing a
cholera outbreak. In Aleppo, dozens of buildings collapsed and at least 444 people died, including 163 children. By 8 February, the bodies of 210 victims were returned to their families. The
Directorate-General of Antiquities and Museums said various archeological sites across the city were extensively cracked or collapsed. Cracks were also reported in the outer façade of the
Aleppo National Museum. In Atarib, Aleppo, the Syrian American Medical Society hospital said 120 bodies were recovered. About 20,000 homes were affected in Aleppo, leaving 70,000 homeless. Total damage in the city exceeded US$403 million. In
Damascus, many people fled from their homes onto the streets. In the northern parts of the city, many buildings were cracked. Many buildings in Syria had already been damaged by
the ongoing Syrian civil war. The
Crusader-built castle
Margat suffered damage, with part of a tower and parts of some walls collapsing. In addition, one of the towers of
Sahyun Castle near Latakia was destroyed. The minaret of the Grand Mosque in
Kobanî was also damaged.
Foreign casualties At least 6,600
Syrians residing in Turkey were killed. According to Turkey's
Presidency of Migration Management 1.75 million Syrians live in southern Turkey; 460,150 in Gaziantep; 354,000 in Antakya; 368,000 in Şanlıurfa; 250,000 in Adana. Turkey's health ministry returned the bodies of 1,793 Syrian victims to their relatives in Syria, while thousands of Syrians were buried in Turkey due to difficulties transporting them to Syria. At least 11 Iraqi
war refugees died in Turkey. At least 100 Afghans were killed by the earthquake in Turkey, mostly refugees who fled the country after the
Taliban takeover in August 2021. Among the Lebanese fatalities was an entire family of three in Malatya. An Italian family of six, and an entrepreneur also perished. In
Ashdod, Israel, a building was evacuated after cracks were observed in a pillar, and
Champion Motors Tower in
Bnei Brak was slightly damaged by the second earthquake. In
Nicosia, Cyprus, some windows cracked, and the wall of a house collapsed, damaging two nearby vehicles. Six
Cuvier's beaked whales were found dead along the island's northern coast on 10 February. The Department of Fisheries and Marine Research said there was a possible link between the beaching and earthquake as these whales' echolocation system are affected by sea disturbances. The
European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre said shaking was felt in
Armenia,
Egypt,
Palestine,
Georgia,
Greece,
Iraq,
Jordan,
Israel, and
Russia. In Iraq, minor damage occurred in some houses and buildings in
Erbil, and the
city's citadel was severely damaged. In Egypt, tremors were strongly felt in the capital
Cairo, and is considered the strongest earthquake felt since 1975. A crack appeared in the
Corniche in
Alexandria.
Aftershocks On 20 February, a 6.3 aftershock struck near
Antakya, Six people died in Antakya,
Defne and
Samandağ. At least 562 were injured including 18 in serious condition who received immediate medical attention before being taken to Adana and
Dörtyol. AFAD warned residents to stay away from the coast as there was potential for a tsunami of up to . The mayor of Hatay said several people were trapped under debris. A bridge was damaged and an empty three-story building in
İskenderun collapsed. In Syria, five people died during stampedes and panic across several governates and at least 500 people were injured. The White Helmets said people in
Aleppo and
Idlib were injured by collapsed buildings. Shaking was felt in Lebanon, Egypt and Jordan. A 5.2 aftershock occurred on 27 February, near
Yeşilyurt. It collapsed about 30 buildings in the town. Two people died and 140 others were injured; 12 in serious condition. One fatality and four injuries were attributed to a factory collapse in Kahramanmaraş Province. On 25 July, a damaging 5.5 aftershock struck Kozan, Adana Province. The shock left 63 people injured in Adana and
Osmaniye provinces. A house in
Sumbas was also damaged by rockfalls. Another aftershock struck Malatya Province on 10 August, measuring 5.3. Twenty-three people were injured; 22 in Malatya and one in Adıyaman. One building collapsed and two were damaged in Malatya. A 6.0 earthquake struck
Kale District, Malatya Province on 16 October 2024, causing 254 injuries across seven provinces, with Elazığ Province alone recording 116 injuries. ==Search and rescue==