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Twenty-Four Elders

The Twenty-Four Elders are figures from the Book of Revelation who appear in the Revelations 4, 5, 7, 11 and 19 of the Christian Bible; in white robes and golden crowns they sit with musical instruments on thrones before God during the Apocalypse and praise and worship him.

Depiction in artwork
:''See Revelation's four living beings'' , showing the Four Evangelists, Matthew (the Winged Man or Angel), Mark (the Winged Lion), Luke (the Winged Ox or Bull), and John (the Eagle). The Elders are often depicted in medieval and Renaissance artwork with musical instruments. The same medieval and Renaissance artwork draws from Revelation 4, showing the Elders with Christ. That artwork also depicts the "four beasts" who surround Christ. :6 And before the throne there was a sea of glass like unto crystal: and in the midst of the throne, and round about the throne, were four beasts full of eyes before and behind. :7 And the first beast was like a lion, and the second beast like a calf, and the third beast had a face as a man, and the fourth beast was like a flying eagle. :8 And the four beasts had each of them six wings about him; and they were full of eyes within: and they rest not day and night, saying, Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, which was, and is, and is to come. :9 And when those beasts give glory and honour and thanks to him that sat on the throne, who liveth for ever and ever The eagle, lion, calf and man may be the symbols of the Four Evangelists or their Gospels. Alternatively they may be the four cherubim from Ezekiel 1 and Ezekiel 10. Morgan Beatus, Vision of the Lamb Metro.jpg|Circa 925-968 A.D., Spain. Illumination from Commentary on the Apocalypse, showing the Vision of the Lamb, the four cherubim and some of the 24 elders. Morgan Beatus, Ms. 644 File:Vision of the Lamb perspective, cropped.jpg|Circa 1175 A.D., Spain. Illumination from Commentary on the Apocalypse, Rylands Beatus. Elders with musical instruments and bowls, next to the Four Beasts (Revelations 4). The Lamb of God (center) beneath God the Father. Angel talking to John (bottom). Four Cherubim (or seraphim) on the corners. File:Elders with rebecs, Santo Domingo de Soria.jpg|Elders of the apocalypse with rebecs (substitute for harps) and vials. Santo Domingo de Soria File:Santiago 21II2007 4.jpg|1188 A.D., Spain. Portico of Glory from the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral, featuring Christ surrounded by the Four Evangelists, the 24 Elders of the Apocalypse overhead. File:Tímpano de la Portada del Sarmental, Catedral de Burgos.jpg|1230-1240 A.D., Spain. Tympanum of the Sarmental Portal, Burgos Cathedral, with Christ, the Four Evangelists, the 24 Elders of the Apocalypse (with musical instruments), angels, and others. File:York Minster - Elders.jpg|1405-1408 England. York Minster, Great East Window showing 24 Elders of the Apocalypse. File:Dome of Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore (Florence).jpg|Circa 1430, Florence, Italy. Image of heaven with the Twenty-Four Elders looking down from vaulted center. File:Apocalypse figurée des ducs de Savoie - Escorial E Vit.5 - Vision of God.jpg|15th century A.D. Vision of God. 24 Elders of the Apocalypse gather around Christ. From the Figurative Apocalypse of the Dukes of Savoy. File:Dionysiou monastery - Apocalypse. 24 elders.jpg|16th century A.D., Mount Athos, Greece. Apocalypse scente at the Dionysiou Monastery. The 24 Elders cast their crowns before God. File:Houghton Typ Inc 2121A - Dürer, Apocalypse, 21.jpg|1498, Germany. Saint John kneeling before Christ and the Twenty-Four Elders. Engraving by Albrecht Dürer. File:The Four and Twenty Elders (William Blake).jpg|The Four and Twenty Elders Casting their Crowns before the Divine Throne, c. 1803–5. William Blake, Tate. 354 x 293 mm. ==Christian interpretation==
Christian interpretation
The identity of the 24 elders has been subject of debate for centuries, some view them as angelic beings akin to humans but not representing human spirits. Others claim they are the twelve sons of Israel and the twelve apostles or some of the former together with certain prophets and biblical figures that were especially close to God such as Moses, Elijah, Enoch and Abraham. == Non-Christian allegorical interpretation ==
Non-Christian allegorical interpretation
Champat Rai Jain, a 20th-century Jain writer claimed that the "Four and Twenty Elders" mentioned in the Christian Bible are "Twenty-four Jain Tirthankaras". In his book, Jainism Christianity and Science, he wrote: However, this is a view which comes out of Jainism. It doesn't come from the Bible or Christian tradition. == References ==
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