61 Virginis

of 45.1 arcminutes 61 Virginis is a fifth-magnitude G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G7 V. The designation 61 Virginis originated in the star catalogue of English astronomer John Flamsteed, as part of his Historia Coelestis Britannica. An 1835 account of Flamsteed's work by English astronomer Francis Baily noted that the star showed a proper motion. This made the star of interest for parallax studies, and by 1950 a mean annual value of 0.006″ was obtained, resulting in a distance of . The present day result, obtained with data from the Gaia satellite, gives a parallax of 117.17 mas (0.117"), which corresponds to a distance of . This star is similar in physical properties to the Sun, with around 93% of the Sun's mass, 99% of the radius, and 82% of the luminosity. The abundance of elements is also similar to the Sun, with the star having 101% of the Sun's proportion of iron to hydrogen. It is older than the Sun, around 7.7 billion years old, and is spinning with a leisurely projected rotational velocity of 4 km/s at the equator. On average, there is only a low level of activity in the stellar chromosphere and it is a candidate for being in a Maunder minimum state, but it was suspected as variable in 1988, and a burst of activity was observed between Julian days [24]54800 (29 November 2008) and 55220 (23 January 2010). The space velocity components of this star are U = –37.9, V = –35.3 and W = –24.7 km/s. 61 Vir is orbiting through the Milky Way galaxy at a distance of 6.9 kpc from the core, with an eccentricity of 0.15. It is believed to be a member of the disk population. ==Planetary system==

On 14 December 2009, scientists announced the discovery of three exoplanets with minimum masses between 5 and 25 times that of Earth orbiting 61 Virginis, using the radial velocity method at the Keck and Anglo-Australian Observatories. The three planets all orbit very near the star; when compared to the orbits of the planets in the Solar System, all three would orbit inside that of Venus. The two outer planets likely resemble Uranus and Neptune, while the innermost planet may be a mini-Neptune or a rocky super-Earth. The outermost of these three planets, 61 Virginis d (also designated HD 115617 d), was initially not detected in the HARPS data as of 2012 until a reanalysis of the data was done in 2023. On 27 November 2012, the European Space Agency declared that the debris disc (like that of the Gliese 581 planetary system) has "at least 10 times" as many comets as does the Solar System's Kuiper belt. As of 2012, "planets more massive than Saturn orbiting within 6 AU" were ruled out. Additional data is needed to confirm the possibility of more sub-Saturn planets between 0.5 and 30 AU from the star. An Earth-mass planet in the star's habitable zone (which would still be too small to detect with current technology) remains possible. == View from 61 Virginis ==

The Sun is visible from the system as a magnitude 4.50 star close to the stars Hamal, Beta Arietis and Alpha Centauri. Arcturus (magnitude −1.01) is the brightest star of the night sky. == See also ==