Spartan kings are shown in bold, all dates BC. •
Eurysthenes, elder twin son of
Aristodemus. He was invented by the Spartans in order to push back the date of the Dorian conquest of Laconia, as well as to explain the origin of the Spartan diarchy. • Lathria, wife of Eurystenes, daughter of
Thersander, another Heraclid, and twin sister of Anaxandra, the wife of Prokles, the twin brother of her husband. •
Echestratus, allegedly son of Agis I, with a reign perhaps dated from the beginning of the 9th century, c.900–c.870. Modern scholars thinks Herodotus reproduced an attempt from the Agiads to poach him from the Eurypontids. •
Labotas, allegedly son of Echestratus, with a reign hypothetically dated from c.870–c.840. •
Archelaus, allegedly son of Agesilaus I, with a reign hypothetically dated from c.785–c.760. •
Teleclus, allegedly son of Archelaus, king perhaps dated from c. 760–c.740. He was reputedly murdered by
Messenians. •
Alcmenes, allegedly son of Agesilaus I, with a reign possibly dated from c.740–c.700. He was described as a revolutionary king, pushing for a land-reform, but was murdered by an opponent named Polemarchus. •
Eurycrates, allegedly son of Polydorus, with a reign possibly dated from c.665–c.640. •
Eurycratides, son of Anaxander, king from c.615 to c.590. •
Anaxandridas II, son of Leon, king from c.560 to 524. He was married to his niece, but as he remained sonless, he married a second time. From his second wife, he had Cleomenes I; then he returned to his first wife and had three sons in quick succession: Dorieus, Leonidas I and Cleombrotus, the latter two perhaps as twins. •
Cleomenes I, first son of Anaxandridas II, king from 524 to 490. He engineered the deposition of the Eurypontid
Damaratus in 491, for which he was sent into exile. He was recalled soon after, but was possibly murdered by his half-brother Leonidas I. •
Dorieus, second son of Anaxandridas II. He challenged the claim of his half-brother Cleomenes I when their father died. Refusing to be ruled by him, he moved to colonial ventures in
Libya and
Sicily, where he died c.510. •
Leonidas I, third son of Anaxandridas II, king from 490 to 480. He famously died in the
Battle of Thermopylae. •
Cleombrotus, fourth son of Anaxandridas II, died in 479. He was regent for Pleistarchus in 480, and died just before the
Battle of Plataea in 479. •
Gorgo, daughter of Cleomenes I, she married her uncle Leonidas I. Mother of Pleistarchus. • Alkathoa, wife of Cleombrotus, mother of Pausanias and Nicomedes. • Euryanax, son of Dorieus, perhaps illegitimate. He fought at the Battle of Plataea. •
Pleistarchus, son of Leonidas and Gordo, king between 480 and 459. •
Pausanias "the Regent", first son of Cleombrotus and Alkathoa, regent of his nephew Pleistarchus in 479. Although he won the Battle of Plataea, he was suspected of
Medism and executed by the
ephors. •
Nicomedes, second son of Cleombrotus and Alkathoa, regent of his nephew Pleistoanax in 458. He won the
Battle of Tanagra in 457. •
Pleistoanax, first son of Pausanias the regent, king between 459 and 409. He was exiled for 18 years for having allegedly taken a bribe from the Athenian
Pericles, between 445 and 427. His son Pausanias reigned meanwhile. He returned to Sparta in 427 and reigned until his death in 409. • Cleomenes, second son of Pausanias the regent, regent himself of his nephew Pausanias when his brother Pleistoanax was in exile. •
Pausanias, son of Pleistoanax, king for a first time during the exile of his father between 445 and 427. His reign resumed on the death of his father in 409, until 395 when he had to go into exile. •
Cleombrotus I, second son of Pausanias, king from 380 to 371. He died at the
Battle of Leuctra. • Aristodemus, regent for Agesipolis I in 395, he won the
Battle of Nemea in 394. •
Agesipolis II, first son of Cleombrotus I, king from 371 to 370. •
Cleomenes II, second son of Cleombrotus I, king from 370 to 309. •
Cleonymus, second son of Cleomenes II, he might have contested the claim of his nephew Areus I in 309, but became his regent instead. He had a long career as general for Sparta and as mercenary, in Italy,
Crete,
Corcyra,
Messenia, etc. After his wife Chilonis left him for Acrotatus (Areus' son) c.275, he went into exile in
Epirus and fought against Sparta during
Pyrrhus'
invasion of the Peloponnese in 272. •
Areus I, son of Acrotatus, king from 309 to c.265. He notably transformed Sparta into a Hellenistic kingdom, but died before the walls of
Corinth during the
Chremonidean War. •
Acrotatus, son of Areus, king from c.265 to c.262. His affair with Chilonis triggered the defection of Cleonymus to Epirus. He died before
Megalopolis at the end of the Chremonidean War c.262. •
Areus II, son of Acrotatus and Chilonis, king from c.262 to 254. He was born after his father's death and died at 8 years old; his cousin Leonidas was his regent throughout his reign. •
Leonidas II, son of Cleonymus, king from 254 to c.236, regent of Areus II before his accession. In his youth, he served in the court of
Seleucus I. He was forced into exile by the Eurypontid king
Agis IV between 243 and 241. •
Cratesiclea, wife of Leonidas II. She married Megistonos after the death of Leonidas. She went into exile in Egypt with her son Cleomenes III and was killed there in 219. •
Cleombrotus II, put on the throne by the Eurypontid Agis IV to replace Leonidas II forced into exile in 243–241, but in turn went into exile when Leonidas was restored. He was the son-in-law of Leonidas II, but his relationship with the other Agiads is uncertain. • Chilonis, daughter of Leonidas II, wife of Cleombrotus II. She followed her father into exile in 243, then her husband when he was in turn exiled in 241 •
Cleomenes III, elder son of Leonidas II and Cratesiclea, king from c.236 to 222. He continued the social reforms of Agis IV, but was defeated by
Macedonia at the
Battle of Selasia in 222, after which he went into exile in Egypt. He unsuccessfully tried a coup against
Ptolemy IV in 219, then committed suicide. • Agiatis, wife of Cleomenes III, she had previously been married to Agis IV. She had one son from Agis (
Eudamidas III) and at least two sons from Cleomenes, who are unknown. •
Eucleidas, second son of Leonidas II and Cratesiclea, he was appointed as co-king by his elder brother Cleomenes III in the place of the Eurypontid
Archidamus V. He reigned between 227 and 222, when he died in the Battle of Sellasia. • Agesipolis, son of Cleombrotus II and Chilonis. • Cleomenes, son of Cleombrotus II and Chilonis. He was regent for his nephew Agesipolis III in 219. •
Agesipolis III, son of Agesipolis, grandson of Cleombrotus II, king in 219 at the death of Cleomenes III, but dethroned by the Eurypontid
Lycurgus in 215. == Family tree ==