Agricultural engineering

, Peru The first use of agricultural engineering was the introduction of irrigation in large scale agriculture in the Nile and the Euphrates rivers before 2000 B.C. Large irrigation structures were also present in Baluchistan and India before Christian era. In other parts of Asia, agricultural engineering was heavily present in China. In South America irrigation was practiced in Peru by the Incas and in North America by the Aztecs. The earliest plough was the ard or scratch-plough. Settlers practiced irrigation in the vicinity of San Antonio in 1715, the Mormons practiced irrigation in Salt Lake Valley in 1847. A cast iron plow was first made by Charles Newbold between 1790 and 1796. • Shift from peasant subsistence-farming to cash-farming for the market • Technical changes of crop rotations and livestock improvement • Labour being replaced by machinery in 1943 In the 20th century, with the rise in reliable engines in airplanes, cropdusters were implemented to disperse pesticides. Benjamin Holt built a combine harvester powered by petrol in 1911. Erwin Peucker constructed bulldog tractors 1936. Deutz-Fahr produced the rotary hay tedder in 1961. == Sub-disciplines ==

Agricultural engineering has many sub-disciplines, the most common of which are listed here: Agricultural machinery Agricultural structures Agricultural surveying Aquaculture Biomechanics and ergonomics Forestry engineering Irrigation Land development Pesticides Precision agriculture Soil management == Roles of agricultural engineers ==

Agricultural engineers may perform tasks such as planning, supervising, and managing the building of dairy effluent schemes, irrigation, drainage, flood water control systems, performing environmental impact assessments, agricultural product processing and interpret research results and implement relevant practices. A large percentage of agricultural engineers work in academia or for government agencies. Some are consultants employed by private engineering firms, while others work in industry for manufacturers of agricultural machinery, equipment, processing technology, and structures for housing livestock and storing crops. Agricultural engineers work in production, sales, management, research and development, or applied science. Armenia In 2006, Armenia's agricultural sector accounted for about 20 percent of the GDP. By 2010, it grew to about 25 percent. This was and is higher than in Armenia's neighboring countries of Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Iran, in which the contribution of agriculture to the GDP in 2017 was 6.88, 5.63, 6.08, and 9.05 percent, respectively. Philippines In the Philippines, the professional designation is registered agricultural and biosystems engineer'. These engineers are licensed and accredited after successfully passing the Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Licensure Examination. A prospective agricultural and biosystems engineer must have a four-year Bachelor of Science in Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering. The practice of agricultural and biosystems engineering also includes the following: • Consultation, valuation, investigation, and management services on agricultural and biosystems engineering; • Management or supervision and the preparation of engineering designs, plans, specifications, project studies, and estimates for agricultural and biosystems, aquaculture and fishery, forest product machinery, agricultural and biosystems buildings and structures, farm electrification and energy systems, agricultural and biosystems processing equipment, irrigation, and soils conservation systems and facilities, agricultural and biosystems waste utilization systems and facilities; • Conducting research and development, training and extension work, and consultancy services on agricultural and biosystems engineering facilities/services, systems, and technologies; • Testing, evaluation, and inspection of agricultural and biosystems, fishery and forest product machinery, and other related agricultural and biosystems engineering facilities and equipment. • Management, manufacturing, and marketing of agricultural and biosystems machinery and other related agricultural and biosystems engineering facilities and equipment; • Teaching agricultural and biosystems engineering subjects in institutions of learning in the Philippines; • Employment with the government provided such item or position requires the knowledge and expertise of an agricultural and biosystems engineer. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the term agricultural engineer is often also used to describe a person who repairs or modifies agricultural equipment. United States The American Society of Agricultural Engineers, now known as the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), was founded in 1907. It is a leading organization in the agricultural engineering field. The ASABE provides safety and regulatory standards for the agricultural industry. These standards and regulations are developed on an international scale for fertilizers, soil conditions, fisheries, biofuels, biogas, feed machinery, tractors, and machinery. ==See also==