Heyuannia

H. huangi The type species, Heyuannia huangi, was named and described by Lü Junchang in 2002. The generic name refers to the city of Heyuan. The specific name honours Huang Dong, the director of the Heyuan Museum. The holotype, HYMV1-1, was discovered in Guangdong near Huangsha in layers of the Dalangshan Formation. It consists of a partial skeleton, including the skull. Six further skeletons were assigned as paratypes or referred to the species. Multiple other fossils have been found, including one which may retain possible reproductive organs. Thousands of eggs have also been uncovered at the site, some of them belonging to the genus and likely laid by Heyuannia. H. yanshini H. yanshini was first described and named by Rinchen Barsbold in 1981, as a new genus and species Ingenia yanshini. The name "Ingenia" derives from the Ingen Khoboor Depression of Bayankhongor Province (Barun Goyot Formation), Mongolia, from whence it was collected, while the specific name yanshini was chosen in honour of academician Aleksandr Leonidovich Yanshin (1911–1999), who was adviser and mentor to Rinchen Barsbold during his time at the Paleontological Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia. Most of the material known for this is species actually a composite of four specimens, including the holotype skull of Conchoraptor. In 2018, Gregory Funston and colleagues noted that Easter's redescription had "several ethical problems", including plaigiarized text. Although this is not enough reason to invalidate Ajancingenia, they reclassified it as a species of Heyuannia, creating the new combination Heyuannia yanshini, in order to avoid an ethical dilemma. This assignment has since been accepted by other authors. ==Description==

of Heyuannia by its nest, showing the blue-green coloration of the eggs Heyuannia is a medium-sized oviraptorid. Gregory S. Paul in 2010 estimated its length at 1.5 metres, the weight at twenty kilograms. Its toothless skull is relatively short with a steep snout. It had very short arms and digits, and its first digit was reduced. ==Classification==

heads shown to scale; E is H. yanshini and K is H. huangi Heyuannia was assigned by Lü to the Oviraptoridae in 2002. Its exact placement within this group is uncertain. Later analyses either resulted in a position in the Oviraptorinae or the Ingeniinae. According to Lü the morphology of the shoulder girdle of Heyuannia supports the hypothesis that oviraptorosaurians were secondarily flightless birds. The following cladogram follows the 2017 phylogenetic analysis by Funston and colleagues: {{clade|style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%; ==Paleobiology==

Reproduction of a H. yanshini displaying for a female Preservation of the pigments biliverdin and protoporphyrin in eggshells belonging to Heyuannia indicate that they were blue-green in color. This coloration allowed for both camouflage and sexual signalling, also seen in American robins and ratites. The arrangement of the eggshells suggests a partially open nest arrangement for Heyuannia, and also indicates that it engaged in increased parental care. The palaeontologist Chun-Yu Su and colleagues devised an experiment to evaluate whether oviraptorids employed thermoregulatory contact incubation to provide heat for embryonic development in 2026. They designed an incubator, clutch, and numerical simulations of heat transfer to test the brooding behaviour of the related oviraptorids Heyuannia and Nemegtomaia, based on their body proportions. The results showed that the incubator only partially covered the eggs in the outer ring of the clutch, which led to a difference in temperature between the inner and outer eggs, and therefore lower incubation efficiency than in modern birds. ==See also==