Anammoxoglobus

Ca. A. propionicus obtain their energy from chemolithoautotrophic processes. : == Habitat ==

Anammox bacteria can be found in a wide range of habitats including: soils, hot springs, aquifers, lakes, marshes, and low oxygen zones. Ca. A. propionicus was first identified in laboratory-scale bioreactor in the presence of ammonium and propionate during an experiment in 2006. Since then it has been enriched in other experiments. == Research and interactions with humans and the environment ==

Anammox processes are used in wastewater treatment applications and can help with the removal of ammonium in wastewater. Ca. A. propionicus has a competitive advantage in ammonium-limited natural ecosystems since they can reduce nitrate and/or nitrite to ammonium. Anammox bacteria are believed to be responsible for up to 50% loss of inorganic nitrogen in the oceans. This makes them of interest to researchers to better understand global nutrient cycling. A 2014 experiment enriched Ca, A. propionicus within a sample of sludge from a landfill leachate anaerobic treatment system. Researchers started with an enrichment amount of 1.8 ± 0.6% Ca. A. propionicus, and after 481 days the observed fluorescence in situ hybridization results showed an enrichment amount of 65 ± 5%. During the process Ca. A. propionicus removed ammonium (70 mg-N/L) and nitrite (90 mg-N/L) at a stable rate, and the total nitrogen removal efficiency was 95%. ==References==