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Nematocera

The Nematocera are a suborder of elongated flies with thin, segmented antennae and mostly aquatic larvae. This group is paraphyletic, containing all flies except for those of the suborder Brachycera, which includes species such as the housefly or the common fruit fly. Thus, the equivalent clade to Nematocera would be the whole of Diptera, with Brachycera as a "subclade". Families in Nematocera include mosquitoes, crane flies, gnats, black flies, and multiple families commonly known as midges.

Phylogeny
A 2023 study revised the phylogeny of the Nematocera. The grouping remains paraphyletic with respect to the Brachycera, but is rearranged, with Deuterophlebiidae basal (sister to the rest), Nymphomyiidae placed inside Culicomorpha, and Blephariceridae within Psychodomorpha. Finally, Anisopodidae becomes sister to the Brachycera. }} ==Families==
Families
These families belong to the suborder Nematocera: - meniscus midges • Hesperinidae Schiner, 1864 • Keroplatidae Rondani, 1856 - predatory fungus gnats • Limoniidae Rondani, 1856 - limoniid crane flies • Lygistorrhinidae Edwards, 1925 - long-beaked fungus gnats • Mycetophilidae Newman, 1834 - fungus gnats • Nymphomyiidae Tokunaga, 1932 • Pachyneuridae Schiner, 1864 • Pediciidae Osten Sacken, 1859 - hairy-eyed crane flies • Perissommatidae Colless, 1962 • Psychodidae Newman, 1834 - moth flies or drain flies • Ptychopteridae Osten Sacken, 1862 - phantom crane flies • Rangomaramidae Jaschhof & Didham, 2002 • Scatopsidae Newman, 1834 - minute black scavenger flies or dung midges • Sciaridae Billberg, 1820 - dark-winged fungus gnats • Simuliidae Newman, 1834 - black flies • Tanyderidae Osten Sacken, 1880 - primitive crane flies • Thaumaleidae Bezzi, 1913 - trickle midges • Tipulidae Latreille, 1802 - large crane flies • Trichoceridae Rondani, 1841 - winter crane flies • Valeseguyidae Amorim & Grimaldi, 2006 • † Ansorgiidae Krzemiñski & Lukashevich, 1993 • † Antefungivoridae Rohdendorf, 1938 • † Archizelmiridae Rohdendorf, 1962 • † Asiochaoboridae Hong & Wang, 1990 • † Boholdoyidae Kovalev, 1985 • † Cascopleciidae Poinar Jr., 2010 • † Crosaphididae Kovalev, 1983 • † Elliidae Krzeminska, Blagoderov & Krezmiñski, 1993 • † Eoditomyiidae Ansorge, 1996 • † Eopolyneuridae Rohdendorf, 1962 • † Grauvogeliidae Krzemiñski, 1999 • † Hennigmatidae Shcherbakov, 1995 • † Heterorhyphidae Ansorge & Krzemiñski, 1995 • † Hyperpolyneuridae Rohdendorf, 1962 • † Luanpingitidae Zhang, 1986 • † Mesosciophilidae Rohdendorf, 1946 • † Nadipteridae Lukashevich, 1995 • † Palaeophoridae Rohdendorf, 1951 • † Paraxymyiidae Rohdendorf, 1946 • † Pleciofungivoridae Rohdendorf, 1946 • † Procramptonomyiidae Kovalev, 1983 • † Protendipedidae Rohdendorf, 1951 • † Protopleciidae Rohdendorf, 1946 • † Protorhyphidae Handlirsch, 1906 • † Protoscatopsidae Rohdendorf, 1946 • † Serendipidae Evenhuis, 1994 • † Siberhyphidae Kovalev, 1985 • † Strashilidae Rasnitsyn, 1992 • † Tanyderophrynidae Rohdendorf, 1962 • † Tethepomyiidae Grimaldi & Arillo, 2009 • † Tillyardipteridae Lukashevich & Shcherbakov, 1999 • † Tipulodictyidae Rohdendorf, 1962 • † Tipulopleciidae Rohdendorf, 1962 • † Vladipteridae Shcherbakov, 1995 == References ==
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