List of Apis mellifera subspecies

• Apis mellifera adansonii, classified by Latreille, 1804 (the West African honey bee) found in Nigeria and Burkina Faso. This mitotype can also be identified in honey bees from California. • Apis mellifera litorea, classified by Smith, 1961 (the East African coastal honey bee) found in the low elevations of East Africa. • Apis mellifera simensis, classified by Meixner, Leta, Koeniger and Fuchs, 2011 (the Ethiopian honey bee) found in Ethiopia. • Apis mellifera unicolor, classified by Latreille, 1804 (the Madagascar honey bee) endemic to the island of Madagascar. ==Subspecies of the Middle East and Asia==

• Apis mellifera anatoliaca, classified by Maa, 1953 (the Anatolian honey bee) its range is in central Anatolia in Turkey. • Apis mellifera caucasica, classified by Pollmann, 1889 (the Caucasian honey bee) found in the central Caucasus and towards the Turkish Black Sea coast. In 2014-2017 a European wide survey was conducted with 621 colonies, which included the various subspecies kept by beekeepers, it found that A. m. mellifera was the most aggressive, had the highest swarming tendency and the lowest hygienic behaviour - a trait closely linked with Varroa sensitive hygiene. • Apis mellifera remipes, classified by Gerstäcker, 1862 (the Armenian honey bee) found in the region of Armenia. • Apis mellifera syriaca, classified by Skorikov, 1929 (the Syrian honey bee) found between Turkey and Egypt. ==Subspecies of Europe==

• Apis mellifera adami, classified by Friedrich Ruttner, 1975 (the Cretan honey bee) named after Brother Adam, is endemic to the island of Crete. • Apis mellifera cecropia, classified by Kiesenwetter, 1860 (the Greek honey bee) endemic to southern Greece, the Peloponnese region. == References ==