Since the game's earliest years, members of the army have been keen players, but it was not until the
Crimean War (1854–56) that a record was made of a game being played. Thereafter regiments of the British Army played wherever they were stationed in the
British Empire spreading its popularity around the globe. It was a result of the game being played in
British India in the 1870s that led to the 3rd (East Kent) Regiment and the 62nd (Wiltshire) Regiment having a hand in the creation of the
Calcutta Cup, the oldest international trophy. Many English rugby union clubs such as
Leicester were also formed by soldiers. The Army were represented in the very first international by two
England players, Lieutenant
Charles Arthur Crompton RE and Lieutenant
Charles William Sherrard RE. Shortly after the ARU was formed the RFU donated the Army Cup, which was to be competed for at inter-unit level. Over the years there have been some ferocious contests for cup and from those contests the reputation of the Army's great rugby units have been made. Those units include; the
Duke of Wellington's Regiment, the Welch Regiment, the
Royal Signals and 7 Regiment
Royal Horse Artillery. The highlight of the ARU season is the annual
Army Navy Match held at
Twickenham. The first of these matches took place in 1878 at the
Kennington Oval, but it was not until 1907 that the match became an annual fixture as part of the Inter-Service Competition. In 1919, an Inter-Service Championship was arranged by the Army Rugby Union, which included Service teams from Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa, as well as a
Royal Air Force team and a British Army team playing under the name "Mother Country". The Mother Country and
New Zealand Army reached the final at Twickenham, with New Zealand winning the encounter to lift the King's Cup. In 1920 the Army–Navy competition was expanded to include the Royal Air Force, the same year that CSM C. W. Jones (Welch Regiment) was to become the first "other rank" to be picked to represent the army. Between the wars (1920–39) the ARU arranged matches against the
French Army, the last of which was played shortly before the
Nazi German invasion of France in 1940. The period also saw Army players being selected for
British Lions teams. In 1931 the Army Rugby Union Referees Society (ARURS) was formed and continues to provide professional refereeing for all games. Although the activities of the ARU were curtailed during the
Second World War (1939–45), as they had been during the
First World War (1914–18), a series of Service International matches were played around the country by teams drawn from rugby playing servicemen; these games drew large crowds and helped to maintain the nation's morale through the dark days of the war. An international team was formed shortly after the end of World War II, known as the British Empire Forces, who played a series of games against France. Although made up of internationals, with some from the professional code of
rugby league, no caps were awarded to the Empire players in these matches, although the French Union recognised their players with caps. After the war first class rugby union players brought in through
National Service dominated army rugby. During the period 1948–62 more men played for the Army XV than in any other previous or subsequent era. It meant that thirty Army players were selected to represent their countries and from among those selected; Matthews, Hall, Cameron, Scotland,
Mike Campbell-Lamerton and Fisher were given the added privilege of captaining their respective national teams. Also on a national front the ARU can boast of the fact that it has had appointed from its ranks Presidents for the English and Scottish RFUs. They were: Major General BA Hill CB, DSO (English RFU 1937–39), Colonel BC Hartley CB, OBE (English RFU 1947–48), Major General RGS Hobbs CB, DSO, OBE (English RFU 1961–62), Brigadier FH Coutts CBE, DL (Scottish RFU 1977–78), Brigadier DW Shuttleworth OBE, ADC (English RFU 1985–86) A
British Army Germany rugby union team regularly plays games against emerging nations like
Belgium,
Denmark,
Netherlands,
Germany and
Luxembourg. In the last few years the operational tempo of Army units on British Army Germany have seen these fixtures reduced. In September 2011 the Army Senior XV travelled to Australia to participate in the first ever International Defence Rugby World Cup. Teams from the UK (Royal Navy, Royal Air Force and Army), the French Defence Force, the Australian and New Zealand Defence Forces, Tonga, Samoa, China and Papua New Guinea all took part. The Army beat Samoa and the French Defence Force to progress to the semi-finals and were flown to Auckland New Zealand to play Tonga in the semi-final at North Shore RFC. Army scored in the 79th minute to win 15–10. The final was played at Auckland Uni RFC against the Australian Defence Force. The Army ran away winners 62–17 to become the first International Defence Rugby Union World Champions. The United Kingdom hosted the second International Defence Rugby Competition in October 2015 coinciding with England holding the
Rugby World Cup. == Women's rugby ==