The Jasz (Jassic) people came to Hungary together with the
Cumans, chased by the
Mongols. They were admitted by the Hungarian king
Béla IV, hoping that they would assist in fighting against a Mongol-Tatar invasion. But shortly after their entry, the relationship worsened dramatically between the Hungarian nobility and the Cumanian-Jassic tribes and they left the country. After the end of the Mongol-Tatar occupation they returned and were settled in the central part of the
Hungarian Plain. Initially, their main occupation was animal husbandry. During the next two centuries they were assimilated into the Hungarian population and their language disappeared, but they preserved their Jassic identity and their regional autonomy until 1876. Over a dozen settlements in Central Hungary (e.g.
Jászberény,
Jászárokszállás, and
Jászfényszaru) still bear their name. The historical, ethnographical and geographical region of
Jászság, as well as of the modern
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County, are among the many place names linked to them. The name of the city of
Iași in Romania may also derive from the name of the people. The only literary record of the Jassic language was found in the 1950s in the
Hungarian National Széchényi Library. It is a one-page glossary containing 34 words mainly related to products of agriculture (types of grain, cattle, etc.) probably compiled for fiscal or mercantile purposes. The glossary was interpreted with the help of Ossetian analogues from the
Digor dialect. (Németh 1959) == Jassic Glossary ==