1900–1938 Football has been played in Austria since around
1890. Around the turn of the twentieth century two attempts were made to start a national championship. From 1900 onwards, a cup competition was played in Vienna, the
Neues Wiener Tagblatt Pokal. This cup was actually played in league format. The efforts to create a football league succeeded in
1911, with the introduction of the
first Austrian football championship. The competition for this championship, the
1. Klasse (
First Class), was created and organised by the
Niederösterreichischer Fußball-Verband (the
Lower Austrian Football Federation), and the participants played for the title of
Niederösterreichische Landesmeister (Lower Austrian National Champion). From 1924, the league was considered professional and changed its name to
I. Liga (
First League). In 1929, an all-Austrian amateur championship was first played, won by
Grazer AK. Clubs from the professional league in Vienna were not part of this competition. Teams from the other
states of Austria were first allowed to join the highest division with the introduction of the
Nationalliga (
National League) in the season of
1937–38.
1938–1945 won the
German championship final against
Schalke 04 4–3 Austria's
annexation by
Germany in 1938 brought the Austrian Nationalliga to an early end. Numerous teams were disbanded and some players fled out of the country. The Austrian Nationalliga was integrated into the system of the
NSRL, the Sports office of the Third Reich as the
Gau XVII section under
Gaufachwart Hans Janisch. Despised by
Nazis as unworthy of a true German, professionalism in sports was outlawed in May 1938. "Innovations" like the
Hitler salute were introduced as compulsory before and after every game. Teams, like
Hakoah Wien were banned and others, like
Austria Wien were first closed and then renamed. Finally, the operation of the junior teams was handed over to the local
Hitlerjugend units. The new highest league in what had been Austria, the
Gauliga Ostmark, was an amateur league and covered the whole of the former country except
Tyrol and
Vorarlberg, which were added to the
Bavarian league system. The league champions now qualified for the
German football championship, which
Rapid Wien won in 1941. From 1941, the league was renamed
Gauliga Donau-Alpenland to further eradicate the memory of Austria as an independent country. Following Nazi Germany's defeat in
World War II and the disbandment of the NSRL, Austria's teams were excluded again from the German league.
1945–1974 The league returned to a Vienna-only format in 1945, briefly named
1. Klasse once more before changing to just
Liga in 1946. Only upon the introduction of the all-Austrian
Staatsliga A in 1949 did teams from the whole federal territory finally play for the Austrian Championship. However, the road to organising the Staatsliga proved difficult. A conflict between the representatives of the amateur and the professional aspects of the sport led to the separation of the
Viennese league from the football federation, and to the establishment of its own competition on 30 June 1949. At the statutory Presidential Election Council of the
Austrian Football Association only a few days later a surprising turn took place – upon the request of Lower Austria, the introduction of the
Staatsliga was finally and unanimously confirmed. The organisation was in the hands of the Fußballstaatsliga Österreich, created for this purpose. A
Staatsliga B, the second division of national league football, was formed in 1950. This league, however, was disbanded again in 1959, whereby the
Staatsliga A dropped the
A from its name, the need for differentiating having been gone. In 1965, however, the Austrian Football Association again took over the organisation of the top division, with the (second) introduction of the
Nationalliga. On 21 April 1974, against the vote of the Vorarlberg association, the introduction of the
Bundesliga was decided. The
Nationalliga remained as the second division, for now. ,
Rapid Wien ,
Sturm Graz ,
Austria Wien ,
FC Salzburg 1974 to current In the
1974–75 season the Bundesliga was introduced which, still led by the Austrian Football Association, aligned both of the highest divisions in Austria. In 1976, the
Nationalliga was renamed to
Bundesliga – Second Division while the
Bundesliga was now called
Bundesliga – First Division. From 1974 to 1982 the league operated with ten clubs with each club playing the other four times during the season. From 1982 to 1985 it played with sixteen clubs with each club playing the others twice. The league's modus was changed in 1985 to a twelve team league which played a home -and away round in autumn. The top eight clubs then advanced to the championship round (Officially:
Oberes Play-off) who again played each other twice. The bottom four of the autumn round played the top four of the
First League to determine the four teams to play in the Bundesliga in the following season. This modus was used for the next eight seasons until 1993 when the league returned to the ten team format it originally operated in. 26 years after dissolution of the independent Staatsliga on 17 November 1991, the Austrian Football Bundesliga was reconstituted as a federation and admitted on 1 December 1991 to the Austrian Football Association as its 10th member. Beginning with the 2018-19 season the league expanded from its current 10 teams to 12 teams.
Tasks and legal form Since 1991 the Bundesliga has carried its own responsibility as a separate association, and organises the championships of the two highest divisions in Austria. Both are named after their sponsors; since 2014 the Bundesliga is named after sports-betting company,
Tipico. The second division, called the
"Erste Liga" or "First League," is sponsored by
Sky Go. In addition the Bundesliga is responsible for the Toto Jugendliga, leagues for under 15/17/19 teams of professional clubs and academies. The Bundesliga also represents professional football in Austria, in co-operation with the football clubs themselves. The Bundesliga is legally a non-profit organisation. The twenty teams of the Tipico Bundesliga and the Sky Go Erste Liga constitute the members of the Bundesliga. The Bundesliga is represented by an acting executive committee, which supports a supervisory board. Each association of the two professional leagues is represented in presidential conferences; these have advisory function in all affairs concerning the Bundesliga.
Scopes of responsibility of the senates The 'senates' are organising committees which consist of honorary and committee-members independent of the clubs. The first senate is responsible for
suspensions and for the running of championship games. The second senate functions as an arbitration board for financial disagreements, the third senate is responsible for all financial concerns and the fourth senate is the panel of referees for the Bundesliga. The evaluation of a club's economic competency which is required in order to obtain a playing licence for the two professional leagues takes place at the fifth senate, the Bundesliga
licence committee. ==Bundesliga==