Ranadive completed his studies in 1927, obtaining an M.A. degree with distinction and in 1928 he joined the clandestine
Communist Party of India. In the same year he became a major leader of the
All India Trade Union Congress in
Bombay. He was active with the Girini Kamgar Union of the textile workers in
Bombay and with the struggles of the railway workers. He became the secretary of the GIP Railwaymen's Union. In 1939, he married Vimal, a trade union activist. In 1943 he was elected to the central committee of the party. In February 1946 Ranadive played a major role in organizing a general strike in support of the
Naval ratings revolt. At its
2nd Party Congress held in
Calcutta in February, 1948 the party elected Ranadive in place of
P.C. Joshi as its general secretary. Ranadive was the general secretary of CPI 1948–1950. During that period the party was engaged in
revolutionary uprisings, such as the
Telangana armed struggle. In 1950 Ranadive was deposed, and denounced by the party as a "left adventurist". In 1956, at the 4th Party Congress in
Palghat BTR was again included in the Central Committee. He became a leading figure of the leftist section of the CC. At the time of the
Indo-China border conflict in 1962, Ranadive was one of many prominent communist leaders jailed by the government. In 1964 he became one of the main leaders of
Communist Party of India (Marxist). At the founding conference of the
Centre of Indian Trade Unions in
Calcutta May 28–31 1970, Ranadive was elected president. == Commemoration ==