Borujerd

The history of Borujerd before the advent of Islam is not well known. Parthian-era artifacts have been discovered in its environs by non-professional excavators. A former Zoroastrian fire temple once stood on the site where one of Iran's oldest mosques, the Jameh Mosque of Borujerd, was later constructed. This proves that the region was populated before Islam arrived. The Parthian king Orodes II () is credited by some academics with laying the city's foundation. They believe that the Parthian word Wurūgird/Wulūgird/Orodhkard ("built by Orodes") was the original version of "Borujerd". Others consider it to have been built by the Sasanian king Peroz I (), arguing that "Piruzgird" was its original name, before being changed into "Burugird", and then later Arabicised into "Burujird". ==History==

Only from the 9th-century does the name "Borujerd" appear in Islamic chronicles. It first appears in the Kitāb al-buldān of Ibn al-Faqih (), and is later reported in various forms, such as "Warukird", "Warugird", "Barugird" and "Barujird". In 1809, the governorship of Lorestan and Khuzestan was granted to the Qajar prince Mohammad Taqi Mirza. He made Borujerd his residence and, to protect the town, created a moat around it and repaired the old fortress. Borujerd developed into a sizable garrison town and a significant military hub by the end of the 18th century. It was used by the Qajars as a base for campaigns aimed at consolidating control over the western regions, especially against the Lur tribes. Esteemed religious institutions operated in Borujerd during the Qajar era, producing two distinguished Shia scholars, Asad Allah Borujerdi (died ) and Hossein Borujerdi (died 1961). ==Demographics==

Language The linguistic composition of the city: Population Borujerd is the 31st largest city in Iran and the 2nd largest in Lorestan . Borujerd is the industrial point of Lorestan. Its historical and cultural background as well as its remarkable nature, has changed it to a tourist destination. The city has been named as Dār-Al-Sorur which means the house of happiness. Borujerd's population was estimated about 20000 in mid-1800s. At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 334,497 in 59,388 households. The following census in 2011 counted 240,654 people in 71,730 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 234,997 people in 74,146 households. ==Geography and climate==

Location Borujerd city is located approximately 1670 meters above sea level and has a moderate climate with cold winters. The highest point is Garrin Mountain 3623 m above sea level and the lowest area is Gelerood River in South with 1400 m elevation. Borujerd Township has 2600 km2 area with approximately 400,000 inhabitants distributed in the city of Oshtorinan and more than 180 villages. Owing to favorable topographic and climatic conditions, the plains are devoted to cultivation of grain. Wherever irrigation is possible (by means of qanāts, wells, diversion of water of streams), cotton, melons, grapes, and fruit trees (especially almonds) are grown. Borujerd is located on Silakhor Plain which is the largest agricultural land of Lorestan. The high-elevated Zagros Mountains surrounds it from South East to North West and the peaks are covered with snow most of the time. Rural people work in farms or keep their domestic animals. Other people work in governmental offices, armed forces, factories or small local businesses. The feet of Zagros Mountains is a great destination for nomads and many Lurs and Bakhtiari nomads move there in summer. The area is paved with highways and is a crossroad between Tehran and Khuzestan Province as well as Isfahan Province and Kermanshah Province. Climate Borujerd's climate is classified as Mediterranean(Köppen: Csa) with dry and very hot summers and cold winters. Most of the precipitation falls in colder months from November to April. Snowfall can be observed in winter, which can sometimes become heavy and cause school closures in the county. Road access to villages can also be disturbed because of snow. {{Weather box ==Historical attractions==

• Jameh Mosque of Borujerd • Soltani Mosque of Borujerd • Imamzadeh Ja'far, Borujerd • Bazaar of Borujerd ==Parks and natural attractions==

• Goldasht Valley, Borujerd • Vennaii Village, Borujerd • Chogha Hill of Borujerd • Bishe Dalan Pound, Borujerd • Oshtorankuh, Dorood • Women's Park of Borujerd ==Notable people==

• Hossein Borujerdi, religious leader • Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, writer and historian • Loris Tjeknavorian, musician • Zahra Rahnavard, artist and politician • Mostafa Abdollahi, director and actor • Jafar Shahidi, historian and bibliographer • Mehrdad Avesta, poet 20th-century • Arvin Moazzami, athlete • Moḥammad Mahdi Baḥr al-Ulūm, mystic • Ahmad Khatami, professor • Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, athlete • Mahvash, singer, dancer and stage performer • Ehsan Rouzbahani, athlete • Mohammad Boroujerdi, commander • Ali Abdo, athlete • Saman Salur, film director • Reza Beiranvand, athlete • Iraj Rad, actor • Farnaz Esmaeilzadeh, athlete • Mahmoud Saremi, reporter • Abdolmohammad Ayati, author and field of philosophy • Mir Shamsuddin Adib-Soltani, philosopher • Mohammad Hanif, writer • Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, pharmacologist • Mahmoud Khatami, philosopher • Bahram Ghasemi, diplomat • Asadullah Boroujerdi, prominent • Abolghasem Khazali, shi'i cleric • Farnaz Esmaeilzadeh, speed climber • Shahram Entekhabi, video and installation artist • Salar Abdoh, novelist • Hossein Kazemeyni Boroujerdi, twelver Shi'i • Ahmad Moballeghi, professor • Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, middle-distance running ==Gallery==

File:Fadak Park Borujerd Iran.jpg|Fadak Park File:Yadboodsquare.jpg|Yadbood Square. File:SoltaniMosque7.jpg|Soltani Mosque (18th century) File:The environs of Borujerd (Goldasht).JPG|Goldasht Valley. File:Imamzadeh Jafar of Borujerd.jpg|Imamzadeh Ja'far (11th century) File:Qale Hatam Bridge of Borujerd 1.jpg|Qale Hatam Bridge File:Jame1.jpg|Jameh Mosque. File:Borujerd outskirts.jpg|Countryside of Borujerd. File:Borujerd, View Of Takhti st.jpg|Borujerd View of Takhti street. File:Borujerd-downtown.jpg|Borujerd downtown ==See also==