British Steel (2016–present)

During the 2010s, a combination of reduced demand for steel in Europe after the 2008 financial crisis and Great Recession and high company indebtedness led to the Tata Group beginning a sales process for the long products division of Tata Steel Europe to the Klesch Group. In 2014 the long products division employed approximately 6,500 workers and was operating with 2.8 million tonne p.a. capacity. The division included primary production at Scunthorpe steelworks, mills in Teesside (Teesside beam mill, Skinningrove and Darlington special profiles), France (Hayange rail mill) and Scotland (Dalzell and Clydebridge), along with other assets, now sold Immingham Bulk Terminal. In late 2014 estimates for the value of the property was approximately $1.4 billion. Talks during August 2015 on the acquisition ended unsuccessfully, with Klesch citing energy prices and the dumping of Chinese steel imports as factors against the sale. The Scottish facilities were mothballed in late 2015, and then sold to Liberty House Group in 2016. In late 2015 a preliminary agreement was made with Greybull Capital for the sale of the long products division. The sale was agreed to on 11 April 2016 for a nominal £1, with Greybull taking over the assets and liabilities of the division. At takeover the division employed approximately 5,000 workers, predominately in the UK. The sale was completed at the end of May 2016, with the resulting business renamed British Steel. As part of the takeover, new agreements were made with workers and unions, including a wage cut, an end to bonus schemes, and the end of a final salary pension scheme. The British Steel Pension Scheme (BSPS) was not included in the sale. Thanks to a restructuring effort led by Bimlendra Jha (then Executive Chairman of Longs Steel U.K.) Greybull stated that at acquisition the business was profitable. In June 2017, it was reported that the previously loss-making plant at Scunthorpe was once again back in profit, a year after Greybull took the concern over from Tata Steel. The 2015–2016 financial year saw a loss of £79 million, while 2016–2017 produced a profit of £47 million before tax. In light of this, British Steel Limited announced that the 3% pay cut agreed to by the workers on takeover would be reversed. ==Insolvency==

On 22 May 2019, British Steel was placed into an insolvency process, putting 5,000 jobs in the UK at risk and endangering 20,000 in the supply chain. The move followed a breakdown in rescue talks between the government and the company's owner, Greybull. The Government's Official Receiver took control of the company as part of the insolvency process. Accountancy firm Ernst & Young took on the role of Special Manager and attempted to find a buyer for the business. UK Prime Minister Theresa May announced to Parliament that HM Treasury had "agreed an indemnity for the official receiver to enable British Steel to continue to operate in the immediate future". The Guardian also reported in the same article that "The number of people employed in UK steel manufacturing has fallen by 300,000 since 1971", from 310,000 to around 10,000. In August 2019, Oyak, a Turkish army pension fund, announced that it planned to take over British Steel by the end of 2019, but talks stalled. In November 2019, Chinese steel manufacturers Jingye Group agreed to buy British Steel for £70 million. The takeover was completed in March 2020. This was a highly unusual measure, as the last time Parliament was recalled during recess was during the 2021 Taliban takeover of Afghanistan. Within hours, the bill was passed by both chambers of Parliament, received royal assent and became law as the Steel Industry (Special Measures) Act. ==Operations==

plant At creation in 2016, the business consisted of: • Scunthorpe Steelworks, England – primary blast furnace based production – bloom, billet, sections, slab, rail and wire rod and is the largest steel factory in the UK. In November 2023 the furnace was announced to close. • Teesside Steelworks, England (Teesside Beam Mill) – heavy sections • Skinningrove Steelworks, England – special sections and crane rail • Former Sogerail plant, Hayange, France – railway rails • An engineering workshop in Workington ==Notes==