Remains dating back to the
Warring States period (771 - 221 BCE) have been found near Zaoyang. In 221 BCE, following the
unification of China,
Emperor Qin Shi Huang implemented the
commandery-county system and established Caiyang County (蔡阳县) within the present-day jurisdiction of Zaoyang, under the administration of
Nanyang Commandery. In the first year of the Renshou era (601 CE), to avoid the taboo of Crown Prince
Yang Guang’s name, Guangchang County (广昌县) was renamed Zaoyang County and placed under the jurisdiction of Chongling Commandery (舂陵郡). In the 26th year of the
Kaiyuan era (738 CE), Zaoyang County was divided, and Tangcheng County (present-day Tangxian Town, Suizhou) was established. From this point, the territorial boundaries of Zaoyang were largely finalized. In the second year of the
Republic of China (1913), the
prefectural system (府制) was abolished, and Zaoyang County was placed directly under
Hubei Province. In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), provinces were subdivided into circuits (道), and Zaoyang was initially placed under Ebei Circuit before being reassigned to
Xiangyang Circuit. In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), the
Nationalist Government in Nanjing abolished the circuit system, making Zaoyang County directly administered by Hubei Province. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), the provincial government established inspectorate districts (督察区), and Zaoyang County came under the jurisdiction of the Eighth Administrative Inspectorate Office of Hubei Province (present-day Xiangyang). Zaoyang was the site of two major battles during the
Second Sino-Japanese War, the
Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and the
Battle of Zaoyang-Yichang. In November 1945, the
Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) captured Zaoyang and briefly established a county-level people's government, which was disbanded the following month due to military redeployment. In December 1947, after the PLA recaptured Zaoyang, the county was temporarily divided along the Xianghua Highway (now National Highway 316), with the northern part designated as Zaoyang County and the southern part split into Suizao County and Xiangzaoyi County. In October 1949, Zaoyang County was placed under the jurisdiction of the Xiangyang Administrative Office of Hubei Province. In July 1955, following the abolition of Hongshan County, Qingtan and Pinglin were re-incorporated into Zaoyang. In 1981, Zaoyang County came under the administration of the Xiangyang Prefectural Office. In October 1983, under the county-administered-by-city system (市管县体制), Zaoyang County was placed under the jurisdiction of Xiangfan City. In January 1988,
the State Council of the People's Republic of China approved the change of Zaoyang from a county to a city, which continues to this day under the jurisdiction of Xiangyang City. == Geography and climate ==