The name of the village is derived from the
Oneida name for
Chittenango Creek,
Chu-de-nääng′, meaning "where the water falls down". While the name "Chittenango" is often thought by locals to mean "river flowing north" or "where the waters divide and run north", a reference to the direction of water flow from the creek's point of origin to
Oneida Lake, there is no derivation for these alternatives. On an 1825 map of the area, the village is called
Chittening, a name used by early settlers which is thought to be derived directly from
Chu-de-nääng′. According to American
anthropologist Lewis H. Morgan, who studied
Iroquois customs and language in his 1851 book
League of the Iroquois, the name "Chittenango" may have come from
Chu-de-nääng′ Ga-hun′-da, a
redundant combination of the Oneida terms for "Chittenango Creek" (
Chu-de-nääng′) and "creek" (
Ga-hun′-da). Initial growth of the village is largely attributed to the construction of the
Erie Canal, which officially opened in 1825, joining
Buffalo on
Lake Erie with
Albany, the capital of
New York, and the
Hudson River. The Erie Canal passes just north of the village. The Chittenango Canal Company, incorporated in 1818, constructed a canal in length connecting Chittenango to the Erie Canal. The village became a virtual canal town upon the construction of the Chittenango Canal Boat Landing, which featured a three-bay
dry dock where canal boats were built and repaired. The canal brought prosperity, growth and expansion to the village. It created a need for inns, hotels and restaurants, and area farms and factories found the canal useful as an inexpensive and easy way to ship goods further along the canal or beyond. Because the canal connected to the Hudson River, boats were able to ship goods south to the metropolis of
Manhattan. Development increased considerably with the activities of
John B. Yates, who opened and operated
grist and
saw mills, a woolen mill, stores, and founded the village's first church in 1828, the
Dutch Reformed Church, now the First Presbyterian Church of Chittenango. The village was
incorporated on March 15, 1842. At the time, it contained between 900 and 1,000 inhabitants, about 180 dwellings, three churches, the
Yates Polytechnic Institute, a large woolen factory, two large water lime factories, one flouring mill, three
taverns and ten stores. In 1853, the first bank in the village, the Chittenango Bank, was organized and began business with capital of $110,000, which increased to $150,000 one year later. The bank closed business nearly one decade later, and in December 1863 the First National Bank of Chittenango was organized, occupying the same building erected by the first bank. This bank also closed down in 1883. Soon after the incorporation of the village, the first
fire company and
engine house was built in 1843. The first newspaper in the village was the
Chittenango Herald, established in 1831 by Isaac Lyon. It later bore successively the name of the
Chittenango Republican,
Chittenango Phoenix, and
Democratic Gazette, until it was discontinued in 1853. In 1869 the
Madison County Times was established and papers were published until 1975, at which time the
Chittenango-Bridgeport Times was formed. This paper ran until 2009 when it merged with other
Syracuse area papers to form the current
Eagle Newspapers. The Chittenango Pottery Company, largely owing its early success to its location near the Chittenango Landing, was established in 1897. After burning down twice, the present, now abandoned brick structure was erected. After years of neglect and disrepair, the building was demolished in 2015. The
Chittenango Pottery and
St. Paul's Church are listed on the
National Register of Historic Places. ==Geography==