Early career Van Deventer was a son of Christiaan Julius van Deventer and Anne Marie Busken Huet. His uncle was the writer
Conrad Busken Huet. He married Elisabeth Maria Louise Maas; they had no children. Van Deventer attended the
H.B.S. in
Deventer and studied
law at
Leiden University. He achieved his doctorate in September 1879 on the thesis: "Zijn naar de grondwet onze koloniën delen van het rijk" ("are, according to the constitution, our colonies part of the Dutch empire"). On 20 August 1880 he was made available to the
Governor-General of the
Dutch East Indies by the
Ministry of Colonies to be appointed as civil service official. With his wife Van Deventer travelled in September 1880 to
Batavia by
steamboat Prins Hendrik; he was appointed
court clerk at the Raad van Justitie (Council of Justice) at
Amboina in December 1880. As early as 1881 Van Deventer was already seen by the public as an authority in the case of the issue of the economic position of the Dutch East Indies in relation to
motherland the Netherlands. In lectures held during meetings of the "Indisch Genootschap" ("Indies Institute") his opinion on this matter was presented as very important. In June 1882 Van Deventer was appointed court clerk at the "Landraden" (land boards) of Amboina,
Saparua and Wahoo; he was also appointed auditeur militair (a legal position) at the
court-martial in Amboina. In March 1883 he was appointed member of the Council of Justice in
Semarang and that same year he wrote a series of articles in the
Soerabaijasch Handelsblad, under the title
Gedichten van F.L. Hemkes (poetry by F.L. Hemkes; Frederik Leonardus Hemkes was a Dutch poet, who lived in South-Africa (1854–1887)). Van Deventer wrote in February 1884 an article in
Het Indisch Weekblad voor het Rech (The Dutch Indies Journal of Law), called "De Indische Militairen en het Koninklijke Besluit van 13 Oktober 1882 nummer 26'" (The military in the Dutch East Indies and the royal order of 13 October 1882), in which he discussed the trial of a
Buginese soldier in front of a civil (police) court instead of a military one. In April 1885 Van Deventer quit his job as a member of the Council of Justice in Semarang and was appointed lawyer and attorney at this Council of Justice. In this period of his life Van Deventer was also active as a
second lieutenant in the
schutterij. That same year, 1885, he quit his job at the Council of Justice and joined the legal practice of LLM B.R.W.A.
baron Sloet van Hagensdorp and LLM M.H.C. van Oosterzee; he replaced mr. Van Oosterzee, who would return to the Netherlands.
Career as a private lawyer Van Deventer worked as a private lawyer from 1885 to 1888. In May 1888 he took a leave for Europe and travelled with his wife by steamboat
Prinses Amalia from Batavia to the Netherlands. Back in Europe he wrote a series of articles, called "De Wagner-feesten te Bayreuth" (the
Wagner festivals in
Bayreuth), which he visited for the newspaper
De Locomotief; in this period Van Deventer was a permanent employee of this newspaper. He returned to the Dutch Indies on 11 May 1889 by steamboat
Sumatra. He resumed his lawyers practice and also became commissioner of the
limited liability company "Hȏtel du Pavillon". In September 1892 he was appointed acting member of the Committee of Directors of the Nederlands-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (
Dutch East Indian Railway Company). In July 1893 Van Deventer was promoted to the military rank of
first lieutenant at the Schutterij in Semarang. He left for a second short stay in Europe in May 1894 and was, after his return, appointed member of the supervisory committee of the
HBS in Semarang. In the newspaper
Locomotief he wrote an article called "Samarangsche bazar – eigen hulp" (Bazar of Samarang), in which he defended himself against accusations that the prospectus of this firm (Samarangsche bazar), made up by him, was not accurate. He left the Dutch East Indies (permanently) in April 1897 by steamboat
Koningin-Regentes; back in Europe he visited the
Wagner festivals and wrote about "Wagneriana" in the
Locomotief of 11 November and 16 December 1897. In 1898 Van Deventer wrote several articles about the coronation celebrations in the Netherlands, where queen
Wilhelmina was crowned, in the
Locomotief. He also wrote a series of four articles, called "Het Wilhelmus als Nederlands Volkslied" (the
Wilhelmus as the Dutch
national anthem), for the
Locomotief that year and gave in the Locomotief his perspective on the
Zola trial.
Early political career In 1899 Van Deventer wrote a very influential article, called "Een Ereschuld" (a debt of honour) in the Dutch magazine "De Gids". In this article Van Deventer stated that the Netherlands had a dept of honor of nearly 190 million gulden opposite the Dutch East Indies and had to pay for this dept of honor. When the Dutch East Indian budget was discussed in the
House of Representatives a lot of attention was paid to Van Deventer's article, although not all members agreed with the content of the article. Van Deventer was appointed member of the editorial board of "The Gids" as of 1 January 1901. Over the next years until his death he would write numerous articles in this magazine. In June 1901 Van Deventer accepted his candidacy for the electoral association Schiedam (for the
Free-thinking Democratic League), located the
Schiedam, for the elections for the House of Representatives, but was not chosen. In lectures Van Deventer showed himself a supporter for the installation of a Dutch East Indian House of Representatives in the Dutch East Indies. In June 1902 he was appointed member of the "Algemeen Nederlands Verbond" (General Dutch Covenant) and wrote in het "Tijdschrift voor Nederlands-Indië" (Magazine for the Dutch East Indies) together with others, a concept colonial program; in this program the authors stated that the administrative power should lie more with the residents of the Dutch East Indies and that the government of the Netherlands should limit its interference to general government principles only. It seems contradictory that he also signed the telegram, send to general
J. B. van Heutsz, in which he was complemented with the submission of Panglima Polim (a local leader), which was achieved by military force, in
Aceh. Van Deventer became a member of the board of the
Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies (1903) and that same year attended the meeting in London of the "
Institut Colonial International". In September 1904 he was appointed knight in the
Order of the Netherlands Lion. He kept writing articles in different magazines, other than The Gids; for instance he published a series of four articles in the Soerabaijasch Handelsblad in December 1904, called "Over de suikercultuur- en suikerindustrie" (about the sugar industry). On 19 September 1905 Van Deventer was elected as a
Free-thinking Democratic member of the House of Representatives for the constituency
Amsterdam IX and as such he emphasized his three focus points regarding Dutch East Indian policy: education, irrigation and emigration. He was also a promoter of the so-called
Dutch Ethical Policy In a series of articles in the "Soerabajasch Handelsblad" in August 1908 called "Insulinde's toekomst" (the future of the Dutch East Indies) he wrote about the importance of education and the creation of new jobs for natives on higher management levels. Van Deventer was not reelected and left the House of Representatives on 21 September 1909.
Later political career Van Deventer was elected to be a member of parliament again on 19 September 1911, when he was appointed member of the
Senate by the
Provincial Council of Friesland. In February 1912 Van Deventer made, as a member of the Senate, a journey of several months to the Dutch East Indies. He visited almost all islands, including but not limited to
Sumatra,
Java,
Celebes and
Borneo. He remained a Senate member until 16 September 1913, when he was reelected as a member of the House of Representatives for the constituency
Assen. In 1913 he founded the
Kartini Foundation in order to be able to establish girl schools in the Dutch East Indies. In September 1915 Van Deventer became seriously ill (he suffered from
peritonitis) and was nursed at the
Red Cross hospital in The Hague. He died at the age of 57 on 27 September 1915 and his body was cremated at Westerveld (
Driehuis). File:Advertentie van Deventer.jpg|Advertisement in the "Locomotief", in which Van Deventer announces his departure for Europe in 1897 File:Advertentie Locomotief.jpg|Advertisement in which Van Deventer is named as a permanent employee of the Locomotief ==Works==