Pauly was born in
Paris,
France. He grew up, however, in
La Chaux de Fonds, Switzerland in what was called a strange "Dickensian" childhood where he was forced to stay as a live-in servant to a new family. For the first 16 years of his life, Pauly lived an inward life as he was mixed race in an all-white town, finding solace in books/reading and model construction. At 16 he ran away and put himself through high school in Wuppertal, Germany after one year working with disabled people for a local church-run institution. His work led to a scholarship to the
University of Kiel. It was at the University of Kiel where Pauly decided on
fisheries biology. He said he wanted to work in the tropics because he felt that he would "fit in" better there. He also wanted to devote his life to an applied job where he could help people. He did a master's degree at Kiel University at
Gotthilf Hempel lab on
"The ecology and fishery of a small West African lagoon". Pauly then spent two years conducting trawling surveys as a member of a German-Indonesian project aiming at introducing this relatively new gear. He began to write on tropical fisheries management; later his emphasis switched to global fisheries trends and conservation. Pauly completed his Ph.D. at Kiel University in Germany supervised by Hempel, in which he established strong relationships between the surface area of gills and the growth of fishes and aquatic (gill-breathing) invertebrates. His dissertation laid the foundation for his
Gill-Oxygen Limitation Theory, which he would later develop in more detail. about his work. After his Ph.D., Pauly worked for 15 years at the
International Center for Living and Aquatic Resources Management (
ICLARM), in
Manila,
Philippines. Early in his career at ICLARM, Pauly worked in the tropics and developed new methods for estimating
fish populations. Pauly helped to design, implement, and perfect methods using length-frequency data instead of the age of fish to estimate parameters of fisheries statistics such as growth and mortality. Later, he helped develop two major projects: ELEFAN and
FishBase. ELEFAN (ELectronic Length Frequency ANalysis) made it possible to use length-frequency data to estimate the growth and mortality of fishes.
FishBase is an online encyclopedia of fish and fisheries information comprising information on more than 30,000 different species. Both projects received worldwide attention and through multiple upgrades and additions, are still prominent in fisheries biology. Through the 1990s, Pauly’s work centered on the effects of
overfishing. The author of several books and more than 500 scientific papers, Pauly is a prolific writer and communicator. He developed the concept of
shifting baselines in 1995 and authored the seminal paper,
Fishing down marine food webs, in 1998. For working to protect the environment, he earned a place in the "
Scientific American 50" in 2003, the same year
The New York Times labeled him an "iconoclast". Pauly won the
International Cosmos Prize in 2005, the
Volvo Environment Prize in 2006, the Excellence in Ecology Prize and
Ted Danson Ocean Hero Award in 2007, the
Ramon Margalef Prize in Ecology and Environmental Sciences in 2008, and the
Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest from the
Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2012. In 2015, Pauly received the Peter Benchley Ocean Award for Excellence in Science. In 2016, he was honored in Paris with the Albert Ier Grand Medal in the Science category. In 2017, he received, together with Dirk Zeller as part of the
Sea Around Us leading team, the Ocean Award in the Science category. Also in 2017 and specifically on French National Day, he was named Chevalier de la Légion D’Honneur. Pauly has written several books, including ''Darwin's Fishes
(Cambridge University Press), Five Easy Pieces: How Fishing Impacts Marine Ecosystems
(Island Press) and Gasping Fish and Panting Squids: Oxygen, Temperature and the Growth of Water-Breathing Animals.'' == Views ==