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Bandwing

Bandwings, or band-winged grasshoppers, are the subfamily Oedipodinae of grasshoppers classified under the family Acrididae. They have a worldwide distribution and were originally elevated to full family status as the Oedipodidae. Many species primarily inhabit xeric weedy fields, and some are considered to be important locusts:Locusta migratoria: the migratory locust Chortoicetes terminifera: the Australian plague locust Locustana pardalina the brown locust

Defense
When bandwings feel safe, they appear drab. When they feel threatened, they leap out to reveal bold and bright colors. Some predators might even mistake the blue-winged grasshopper for a butterfly. But when the predator looks for the grasshopper, it is hiding in the grass. Bandwings continue this process if the predator tries to attack them. ==Tribes and genera==
Tribes and genera
The Orthoptera Species File lists the following: Tribe Acrotylini Auth. Shumakov 1963; distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia '' • Acrotylus Fieber, 1853 • Pusana Uvarov, 1940 Tribe Anconiini Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America (monotypic) • Anconia Scudder, 1876 Tribe Arphiini Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America xanthoptera'' • Arphia Stål, 1873 • Lactista Saussure, 1884 (synonym Rehnita) • Leuronotina Hebard, 1932 • Tomonotus Saussure, 1861 Tribe Bryodemini Auth. Bei-Bienko 1930; distribution: mostly central Asia '' • Andrea Mishchenko, 1989 • Angaracris Bei-Bienko, 1930 • Bryodema Fieber, 1853 • Bryodemacris Benediktov, 1998 • Bryodemella Yin, 1982 (Eastern Europe and temperate Asia) • Compsorhipis Saussure, 1889 • Uvaroviola Bei-Bienko, 1930 Tribe Chortophagini Auth. Otte, 1984; distribution: N. America '' • Chimarocephala Scudder, 1875 • Chortophaga Saussure, 1884 • Encoptolophus Scudder, 1875 • Nebulatettix Gómez, Lightfoot & Miller, 2012 • Shotwellia Gurney, 1940 Tribe Epacromiini Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893; distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia through to New Caledonia '' • Aiolopus Fieber, 1853 • Demirsoyus Sirin & Çiplak, 2004 • Epacromius Uvarov, 1942 • Heteropternis Stål, 1873 • Hilethera Uvarov, 1923 • Jasomenia Bolívar, 1914 • Paracinema Fischer, 1853 • Parahilethera Zheng & Ren, 2007 • Platypygius Uvarov, 1942 Tribe Hippiscini Auth. Otte, 1984; distribution: Americas '' • Agymnastus Scudder, 1897 • Camnula Stål, 1873 • Cratypedes Scudder, 1876 • Hadrotettix Scudder, 1876 • Heliastus Saussure, 1884 • Hippiscus Saussure, 1861 (monotypic) • Leprus Saussure, 1861 • Pardalophora Saussure, 1884 • Sticthippus Scudder, 1892 • Xanthippus Saussure, 1884 Tribe Locustini Auth. Kirby, 1825; distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia '' female (solitary) ;subtribe Locustina Kirby, 1825 • Locusta Linnaeus, 1758 (monotypic) • Oedaleus Fieber, 1853 • Psophus Fieber, 1853 - monotypic Psophus stridulus ;subtribe undetermined • Brunnerella Saussure, 1888 • Chifanicus Benediktov, 2001 • Gastrimargus Saussure, 1884 • Grammoscapha Uvarov, 1942 • Locustana Uvarov, 1921 • Pternoscirta Saussure, 1884 • Ptetica Saussure, 1884 • Pycnodictya Stål, 1873 • Pyrgodera Fischer von Waldheim, 1846 • Scintharista Saussure, 1884 Tribe Macherocerini Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America (monotypic) • Machaerocera Saussure, 1859 Tribe Oedipodini Auth. Walker, 1871; distribution: N. Africa, Europe, Asia '' • Celes Saussure, 1884 • Mioscirtus Saussure, 1888 • Ochyracris Zheng, 1991 • Oedipoda Latreille, 1829 • Oedipodacris Willemse, 1932 Tribe Parapleurini Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893 (synonym Parapleuri); distribution: N. America, Europe, Asia magister'' • Ceracris Walker, 1870 • Ceracrisoides Liu, 1985 • Formosacris Willemse, 1951 • Mecostethus Fieber, 1852 • Parapleurodes Ramme, 1941 • Stethophyma Fischer, 1853 • Yiacris Zheng & Chen, 1993 Tribe Psinidiini Auth. Otte, 1984; distribution: N. America '' • Derotmema Scudder, 1876 • Hippopedon Saussure, 1861 (synonym Platylactista) • Mestobregma Scudder, 1876 • Metator McNeill, 1901 • Psinidia Stål, 1873 • Trachyrhachys Scudder, 1876 • Trepidulus McNeill, 1901 Tribe Sphingonotini Auth. Johnston, 1956; distribution: worldwide, esp. Africa, Europe, Asia • Conipoda Saussure, 1884 • Cophotylus Krauss, 1902 • Eusphingoderus Bei-Bienko, 1950 • Eusphingonotus Bey-Bienko, 1950 • Heliopteryx Uvarov, 1914 • Helioscirtus Saussure, 1884 • Hyalorrhipis Saussure, 1884 • Microtes Scudder, 1900 • Phaeonotus Popov, 1951 • Pseudoceles Bolívar, 1899 • Quadriverticis Zheng, 1999 • Sphingoderus Bei-Bienko, 1950 • Sphingonotus Fieber, 1852 - type species: Sphingonotus caerulansTetramerotropis Saussure, 1888 • Thalpomena Saussure, 1884 • Vosseleriana Uvarov, 1924 Tribe Trilophidiini Auth. Shumakov 1963; distribution: Africa, Asia (monotypic tribe) conturbata'' • Trilophidia Stål, 1873 === Tribe Trimerotropini === Auth. Blatchley, 1920; distribution: Americas • Circotettix Scudder, 1876 • Conozoa Saussure, 1884 • Dissosteira Scudder, 1876 • Spharagemon Scudder, 1875 • Trimerotropis Stål, 1873 Tribe Tropidolophini Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America (monotypic tribe) '' • Tropidolophus Thomas, 1873 - monotypic Tropidolophus formosus === Genera incertae sedis === '' • Angaracrisoides Gong & Zheng, 2003 • Asphingoderus Bei-Bienko, 1950 • Atympanum Yin, 1982 • Aulocaroides Werner, 1913 • Aurilobulus Yin, 1979 • Austroicetes Uvarov, 1925 • Brancsikellus Berg, 1899 • Chloebora Saussure, 1884 • Chondronotulus Uvarov, 1956 • Chortoicetes Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 • Crinita Dirsh, 1949 • Cyanicaudata Yin, 1979 • Diraneura Scudder, 1897 • Dittopternis Saussure, 1884 • Elmisia Dirsh, 1949 • Eokingdonella Yin, 1984 • Eremoscopus Bei-Bienko, 1951 • Eurysternacris Chopard, 1947 • Fitzgeraldia Uvarov, 1952 • Flatovertex Zheng, 1981 • Granada Koçak & Kemal, 2008 • Homoeopternis Uvarov, 1953 • Humbe Bolívar, 1882 • Jinabia Uvarov, 1952 • Kinshaties Zheng, 1977 • Leptopternis Saussure, 1884 • Mecistopteryx Saussure, 1888 • Morphacris Walker, 1870 • Nepalacris Balderson & Yin, 1987 • Oreacris Bolívar, 1911 • Promesosternus Yin, 1982 • Pseudaiolopus Hollis, 1967 • Pycnocrania Uvarov, 1941 • Pycnodella Descamps, 1965 • Pycnodictya Stål, 1873 • Pycnostictus Saussure, 1884 • Qualetta Sjöstedt, 1921 • Rashidia Uvarov, 1933 • Tibetacris Chen, 1964 • Tmetonota Saussure, 1884 • Zimbabwea Miller, 1949 • Mioedipoda Stidham & Stidham, 2000 • Nymphacrida Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994 • Oedemastopoda Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994 The genus Cibolacris was originally placed in Oedipodinae, and later moved to Gomphocerinae. The genus Stethophyma is traditionally included in Oedipodinae, but North American authors in particular sometimes place it in the Gomphocerinae or Acridinae. Some authors place all members of Oedipodinae within the subfamily Acridinae, and there has been much confusion and debate about the limits and relationships of the two subfamilies. == References ==
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