Below is a chronological outline of events related to the Greek genocide. This is intended to provide historical context for the articles about the Greek genocide. References are provided for background and overview information; for more references, see individual articles. :* 12–18 June 1914: The
Massacre of Phocaea was a mass killing of the Greek population of the town of Phocaea (now
Foça) in western Turkey, during the Greek Genocide. The massacre took place in June 1914, and was part of a larger pattern of violence and atrocities committed against the Greek population in Anatolia by Ottoman forces and Turkish nationalist groups before during and after World War I. :* 1 August 1914: The
First World War begins. :* 29 October 1914 – 1 November 1914: The Ottoman Empire
joined the war on the side of the
Central Powers. :* 1915: The Ottoman government implements a policy of
genocide against minority groups, including
Greeks,
Armenians, and
Assyrians. Thousands of Greeks living in the Ottoman Empire are forcibly relocated and subjected to mass killings and atrocities. :* 17 February 1915 to 9 January 1916: The Allied forces
invade the
Gallipoli Peninsula; Turkish forces use this as an excuse for further violence against non-combatant Greek and Armenian civilians in the Ottoman Empire. :* 1916: The
Samsun deportations were a series of forced migrations of the Greek population of the city of Samsun in northern Turkey, during the Greek Genocide. The deportations took place in 1916, as part of a larger campaign by the Ottoman government to deport and exterminate the Greek population in Anatolia. :* November 1918: The
Armistice of 11 November 1918 ends the fighting of World War I and sets the stage for the
Paris Peace Conference. :* 15 May 1919 – 11 October 1922: The
Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) begins, leading to the forced relocation and extermination of thousands of Greeks in Asia Minor. :* 15–16 May 1919: The
Greek landing at Smyrna was the arrival of Greek forces in the city of Smyrna in May 1919, during the aftermath of World War I. The landing was part of a larger military intervention by the Allies, including Greece, aimed at protecting the significant Greek minority in the region and ensuring stability in the aftermath of the war. The intervention was controversial and led to conflict with the
Turkish National Movement, which was fighting for independence and establishing a new Turkish state. The events in Smyrna and surrounding areas were contemporary with the outbreak of the Greco-Turkish War. :* May–June 1919: The
İzmit massacres were a series of violent attacks that took place in the city of
İzmit in northwestern Turkey during the Greek genocide. The massacres occurred in May and June 1919 and targeted the Greek community in the city, resulting in widespread violence and loss of life. An Inter-Allied Commission of Enquiry that investigated the incidents in the region generally accepted the claims by Greek authorities that 32 villages had been looted or burned, and that more than 12,000 local civilians had been massacred by Turkish forces, and 2,500 were missing. :* June 1919: The
Treaty of Versailles is signed, officially ending the First World War and leading to the formation of the
League of Nations. :* 1919-1920: The
Istanbul trials of 1919–1920 were a series of military tribunals held in Istanbul (then Constantinople), Turkey, following the end of World War I. The trials were aimed at punishing Ottoman government officials and military leaders for their role in the mass extermination and forced migrations of the Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian populations in Anatolia during and after the war. The trials were organized by the Allies, who had defeated the Ottoman Empire in World War I. They were held in response to the widespread and systematic atrocities committed against minority communities in Anatolia, including the Armenian Genocide and the Greek Genocide. :* October 1919 – January 1920: The
Amasya trials were a series of military tribunals held in the city of Amasya, Turkey, in the aftermath of World War I. The trials were held between October 1919 and January 1920, and aimed to prosecute Ottoman officials who were accused of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity during the war and its aftermath. The trials were held in response to widespread reports of violence and atrocities committed against ethnic and religious minorities, including Armenians, Greeks, and Assyrians, during the war and in the years following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. :* May 1922:
Evacuation of Ayvalik was a forced deportation of Greek residents from the town of
Ayvalik in northwestern Turkey. The evacuation took place in May 1922, as part of a larger effort by the Ottoman government to expel the Greek population from Anatolia and erase their cultural heritage. :* 5–8 September 1922: The
Fire of Manisa refers to the burning of the town of
Manisa,
Turkey, which started on the night of Tuesday, 5 September 1922 and continued until 8 September. The fire was started by the retreating
Greek Army during the
Greco-Turkish War, and as a result, 90 percent of the buildings in the town were destroyed. :* 9 September 1922:
Turkish capture and
occupation of Smyrna :* 13–22 September 1922:
Burning of Smyrna. The city of
Smyrna (now İzmir) in western Turkey was the site of one of the largest and most violent massacres of the Greek Genocide. The city, which had a predominantly Greek and Armenian population, was set ablaze by Turkish military forces after a week-long siege, resulting in widespread destruction and loss of life. ==Individuals==