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Domingos Maubere

Domingos da Silva Soares, popularly known as Padre Maubere or Amu Du, was an East Timorese Roman Catholic priest, activist, and independence leader. Born in Letefoho in what was then Portuguese Timor, he attended seminary in Portugal and was ordained in 1978. In 1980, he returned to East Timor and became involved in the resistance against the Indonesian occupation (1975–1999), often supporting the guerrillas and coordinating with the movement's leaders. As a pastor in Timor-Leste, he served in parishes in Ossu, Letefoho, Ermera, Suai, and Becora, Dili.

Early life and education
Domingos da Silva Soares was born on 12 May 1952 in the village of in Letefoho, Ermera, a coffee-growing area in what was then Portuguese Timor. His parents, Isaias José Soares and Teresa da Silva Soares, were farmers. After a propaedeutic year, he studied philosophy and theology between 1974 and 1978. == Priesthood ==
Priesthood
After his ordination in 1978, Soares spent six months at a parish in , where he celebrated his first mass.''' Upon arriving at the airport, he asked about his parents and learned that his mother had already died, but that his father was still alive. and it was it there that he earned the nickname "Maubere". In 1982, Soares was appointed superior of the mission in Uatolari and president of the catechetical commission of the Diocese of Dili. As a priest, Soares traveled from place to place, offering spiritual care to people in areas under Indonesian control. He defended the guerrillas' use of violence, arguing "If they see people with weapons pointed at them, they have the right to self defense." On 5 August 1990, Soares was appointed pastor of the parish in Suai, a town on the south coast. Before the group's departure, Soares married Reinado and Maria Alves and baptized the couple's six-month-old baby. That year, Soares went into exile in Portugal amid pressure from the Indonesian authorities. Soares received his award from Cardinal Godfried Danneels in a ceremony at St Mary's University in London. Upon returning to East Timor, Soares served as the CNRT's general coordinator and spokesman. During the crisis following the 1999 East Timorese independence referendum, Soares went to Mount Ramelau to escape the violence, where he spent time in prayer. On 1 September 2002, Soares became pastor of Nossa Senhora de Lourdes parish in Ermera, a post he held until 2005. Post-independence demonstrations in Dili, 2005In the years following Timor-Leste's independence in 2002, Soares remained an outspoken activist, often making public statements on issues like corruption, abuse of power, violence against women, and social inequality. Soares participated in the protests daily, often using a microphone to lead the crowd in prayer and to denounce the government. An agreement was ultimately signed between Alkatiri and the bishops restoring Catholic education as a mandatory school subject. In January 2006, national media reported that Soares had said in a sermon in Same that Fretilin was communist and would kill all of Timor-Leste's priests and nuns if they won the next general election. In 2007, Soares accused the government of withholding rice supplies and giving them to Fretilin supporters, a claim that Deputy Prime Minister Estanislau da Silva called "irresponsible." During the April–June 2006 crisis in Timor-Leste, interior minister Rogério Lobato accused some clergy of supporting the "petitioners group"—defecting Timor-Leste Defence Force (F-FDTL) soldiers and their supporters, who were protesting in Dili. Soares responded that "the church is everywhere to attend to the cries and suffering of the people" and that the church was providing counsel to the petitioners to help resolve the crisis peacefully. In March 2007, in the aftermath of the Battle of Same, a failed attempt by Australian forces to apprehend rebel leader and F-FDTL defector Alfredo Reinado, the government considered using Soares as a mediator. In 2010, he helped to reactivate Grupo Macau Rai Timor, an East Timorese association in Macau, which was established by another East Timorese priest in 1996. In February 2015, he returned to Timor-Leste, having been called to serve as vicar general of the Diocese of Dili by Bishop Alberto da Silva. He returned to Macau in 2016 to complete his doctorate in Christian studies, with a dissertation titled The Diocese of Macau at the dawn of the Diocese of Dili (Portuguese: A Diocese de Macau no alvorecer da Diocese de Dili). In July 2017, he left Macau and returned to Timor-Leste. In 2020, after fighting broke out between deputies in the National Parliament, he visited parliament and openly criticized the nation's lawmakers, saying, "[The deputies] should not behave as if they are in a cockfighting arena... I demand the leaders of this country solve national problems wisely." His remarks resonated among East Timorese social media users. On 18 May 2023, Soares was awarded the Grand Collar of the Order of Timor-Leste in recognition of "his dedication to the national cause, and for his exemplary life testimony." Soares received his decoration the following day in a ceremony at the Palácio de Lahane in Dili. == Illness and death ==
Illness and death
On 8 May 2025, Soares entered the intensive care unit (ICU) at Guido Valadares National Hospital (HNGV) in Dili, where he was placed on a ventilator and began receiving palliative care. Suffering from multiple illnesses, his condition was described as "very critical." and once to Indonesia in 2022. After his last visit to Malaysia, he was transferred back to Timor-Leste for palliative care. On 10 May, President José Ramos-Horta visited Soares at the hospital, calling the priest a "true hero" and remarking that it was "too early for him to leave this land." The following day, Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão also visited Soares. The following day, his body was returned to Dili and brought to Becora parish in Dili, accompanied by a procession of police, military, family, and parishioners. Soares' funeral mass was held on the morning of 19 May 2025 at Immaculate Conception Cathedral in Dili. Tens of thousands of Catholics attended, along with political, military, and religious figures including President José Ramos-Horta, Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão, President of the National Parliament Maria Fernanda Lay, and President of the Court of Appeal Afonso Carmona. Following the funeral, Soares was taken for burial at the Catholic priests' cemetery in Ailok-Laran, Dili, accompanied by a procession of Catholic clergy and faithful, as well as political figures. == Legacy ==
Legacy
Soares is regarded in Timor-Leste as a hero of the country's independence struggle and was widely respected for his outspoken activism on behalf of the poor. After his death, many political and religious figures offered paid tribute to Soares. At Soares' funeral mass, the archbishop of Dili, Cardinal Virgílio do Carmo da Silva, described Soares as a "father of the nation and the church in Timor." Former president and Fretilin leader Francisco Guterres remarked that "Timor-Leste has lost a good shepherd and a tireless, intelligent, and courageous freedom fighter." The National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT) party's parliamentary leader, , a former schoolmate of Soares', remembered the priest's "great contributions" to Timor-Leste's liberation struggle in the diplomatic sphere. Democratic Party leader likewise described Soares as "a figure who contributed greatly, and who after independence continued to use his voice in observation of the development of our country." == References ==
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