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Andrew L. Emerson, American politician, member of the Maine House of Representatives (1828–1829), first Mayor of Portland, Maine (1832) •
Arthur Emerson, 21st Governor of American Samoa •
Bill Emerson (1938–1996), aka Norvell William Emerson, American US congressman from Missouri •
Clarence Emerson (1901–1963), Canadian merchant and politician, senator (1957–1963) •
Craig Emerson (born 1954), Australian Labor Party representative from Queensland •
David Emerson (born 1945), Canadian politician, businessman, civil servant •
Frank Emerson (1882–1931), American politician, former governor of the US state of Wyoming •
Hugh A. Emerson (1793–1860), lawyer and politician in Newfoundland, member of the Newfoundland House of Assembly (1837–1842) •
James Emerson (1895–1917), British Army officer, posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross •
James A. Emerson (1865–1922), New York politician •
Jo Ann Emerson (born 1950), American congresswoman from Missouri, and widow of former congressman Bill Emerson •
John Emerson (mayor) (1859–1932), Canadian politician; former mayor of Calgary, Alberta •
Julie Emerson (born 1988), American politician •
Junius Emerson (1926–1992), American politician, member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives (1965–1968, 1981–1982) •
Lewis Edward Emerson (1890–1949), lawyer, judge and politician, first Chief Justice of Newfoundland and Labrador (1944–1949) •
Louis W. Emerson (1857–1924), US congressman from New York •
Newton Emerson (born c. 1970), Northern Irish political commentator and satirist •
Peter Emerson (born 1943 or 1944), Northern Irish political activist •
Prescott Emerson (1840–1889), lawyer and politician in Newfoundland, speaker of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (1874–1878) •
Rupert Emerson (1899–1979), American professor of political science and international relations •
Herbert William Emerson (1881–1962), governor of Punjab, British India ==In law==