Born into a German family in Friesenthal, in the
Samara Governorate of the
Russian Empire (present-day ,
Sovetsky District, Saratov Oblast), he became a socialist activist and politician (
Socialist-Revolutionary Party from 1906 to 1912, and the
Bolshevik Party beginning in 1912). After
World War I and the
Bolshevik Revolution, he was a leader of the
Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine (October 1918 – March 1919, and April 1923 – March 1925). Upon creation of the
Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine in 1918, he became one of the leaders of the Yekaterinoslav wing of the party (Donets–Krivoi Rog wing) standing in opposition to the Kiev wing (Southwestern wing) led by Pyatakov and Skripnik. He was an opponent of the policy of
Ukrainization, so he had to leave
Kharkov for
Moscow. He then worked as an economist in the State Planning Committee (
Gosplan). In 1937, he was arrested and executed by the
NKVD. In 1956, Kviring was posthumously rehabilitated by a decision of the
USSR Supreme Court. ==References==