Ponyfishes are small and laterally compressed in shape, with silvery colouration. They are distinguished by highly extensible mouths, and the presence of a mechanism for locking the spines in the
dorsal and
anal fins. They also possess a highly integrated light organ in their throats that houses symbiotic bioluminescent bacteria that project light through the animal's underside. Typically, the harbored bacterium is only
Photobacterium leiognathi, but in the two ponyfish species
Photopectoralis panayensis and
Photopectoralis bindus,
Photobacterium mandapamensis is also present. Two of the most widely studied uses for luminescence in ponyfish are camouflage by ventral counterillumination and species-specific sexual dimorphism. The light organ systems of ponyfishes are highly variable across species and often between sexes. ==Taxonomy==