Sanctuary of Asclepius Epidaurus is best known for its healing sanctuary (
asclepieion) and the Sanctuary of Asclepius, situated about five miles (8 km) from the town, with its
theatre, which is still in use today. The cult of Asclepius at Epidaurus is attested in the 6th century BC, when the older hill-top sanctuary of
Apollo Maleatas was no longer spacious enough. It was the most celebrated healing centre of the Classical world, the place where ill people went in the hope of being cured. To find out the right cure for their ailments, they spent a night in the
enkoimeteria, a big sleeping hall. In their dreams, the god himself would advise them what they had to do to regain their health. Within the sanctuary there was a guest house (
katagogion) with 160 guest rooms. There are also mineral springs in the vicinity, which may have been used in healing. Asclepius, the most important healer god of antiquity, brought prosperity to the sanctuary, which flourished until the first half of the first century BC, when it suffered extensive damage when it was sacked by
Sulla during the
First Mithridatic War. It was revived after a visit by
Hadrian in AD 124 and enjoyed renewed prosperity in the following centuries. In AD 395 the
Goths raided the sanctuary. Even after the introduction of
Christianity and the silencing of the
oracles, the sanctuary at Epidaurus was still known as late as the mid 5th century as a
Christian healing centre.
Theatre The prosperity brought by the asclepeion enabled Epidaurus to construct civic monuments, including the huge
theatre that delighted
Pausanias for its symmetry and beauty, used again today for dramatic performances, the ceremonial
hestiatoreion (
banqueting hall), and a
palaestra.
The ancient theatre of Epidaurus was designed by
Polykleitos the Younger in the 4th century BC. The original 34 rows were extended in Roman times by another 21 rows. As is usual for Greek theatres (and as opposed to Roman ones), the view on a lush landscape behind the
skênê is an integral part of the theatre itself and is not to be obscured. It seats up to 14,000 people. The theatre has long had a reputation for its exceptional
acoustics, which reportedly allowed almost perfect intelligibility of unamplified spoken words from the
proscenium or
skēnē to all 14,000 spectators, regardless of their seating, a tale often recounted by tour guides. In-situ measurements, however, somewhat moderate these claims: although most sounds can indeed be noticed throughout, intelligibility is not guaranteed, particularly for voice, which requires good projection, which might not have been a problem for Greek actors, who were reputed experts in this aspect.
Other buildings The town of Epidaurus had its own theatre which has been excavated since 1990 and found to be well-preserved. Dating from the 4th c. BC it had about 2000 seats. It has been renovated and is open to the public, as part of a scheme to conserve and enhance ancient theatres which has mapped 140 ancient arenas across Greece. ==Municipality==