Early career Tsarukyan made his professional debut in mixed martial arts in 2015 against Shamil Olokhanov and won by technical knockout in the first round. He lost his next fight against Alexander Belikh by first-round knockout. Arman continued fighting for mixed martial arts promotions in Russia and Asia, winning his next 12 fights with 9 finishes, including a first round submission victory against Belikh to avenge his first loss. He compiled a 13–1 record prior to signing a four-fight contract with the UFC. In July 2018, Tsarukyan was one of the winners of the
2018 Tiger Muay Thai Tryouts in
Phuket, earning a place on the professional fight team.
Ultimate Fighting Championship Tsarukyan made his UFC debut against future lightweight champion
Islam Makhachev, on April 20, 2019, at
UFC Fight Night: Overeem vs. Oleinik. The bout featured frequent wrestling exchanges and a high pace. Tsarukyan lost via unanimous decision, and the fight was regarded by some media outlets as one of Makhachev's tougher early-career tests. This fight earned him the
Fight of the Night bonus. Tsarukyan faced
Olivier Aubin-Mercier on July 27, 2019, at
UFC 240 and won the fight via unanimous decision. Tsarukyan was expected to face
Davi Ramos on April 11, 2020, at
UFC Fight Night: Overeem vs. Harris. Due to the
COVID-19 pandemic, the event was postponed. The bout was rescheduled for
UFC Fight Night 172 on July 19, 2020. Tsarukyan was expected to face
Nasrat Haqparast on January 24, 2021, at
UFC 257. However, on the day of the weigh-ins, Haqparast pulled out of the fight citing an illness. The promotion negotiated a matchup between Tsarukyan and
Matt Frevola. Tsarukyan forfeited 20% of his purse after missing weight, which went to Frevola. Tsarukyan won the fight via unanimous decision. Tsarukyan faced
Christos Giagos on September 18, 2021, at
UFC Fight Night 192. He won the fight via technical knockout in round one. This win earned him the
Performance of the Night award. As the first bout of his new four-fight contract, Tsarukyan faced
Joel Álvarez on February 26, 2022, at
UFC Fight Night 202. He won the bout via ground-and-pound TKO in the second round. The win also earned Tsarukyan his second consecutive
Performance of the Night bonus award. Tsarukyan faced
Mateusz Gamrot on June 25, 2022, at
UFC on ESPN 38. He lost the closely contested fight via unanimous decision. 15 of 22 MMA media outlets scored the bout in favor of Tsarukyan. Both fighters earned the
Fight of the Night award. As the first bout of his new, four-fight contract, Tsarukyan faced
Damir Ismagulov on December 17, 2022, at
UFC Fight Night 216. He won the fight via unanimous decision. Tsarukyan was scheduled to face
Renato Moicano on April 29, 2023, at
UFC on ESPN: Song vs. Simón. However, Moicano withdrew due to an injury and Tsarukyan was pulled from the card as well. Tsarukyan faced
Joaquim Silva on June 17, 2023, at
UFC on ESPN 47. He won the bout via TKO in the third round. Tsarukyan faced
Beneil Dariush on December 2, 2023, in the main event at
UFC on ESPN 52. He won the fight in 64 seconds by first-round knockout due to a knee to the head followed by punches. The fight earned him the
Performance of the Night award. Tsarukyan faced former
UFC Lightweight champion
Charles Oliveira on April 13, 2024, at
UFC 300. He won the bout by split decision after surviving multiple submission attempts from Oliveira. Tsarukyan was scheduled to face
Islam Makhachev in a rematch and for the
UFC Lightweight Championship on January 18, 2025, at
UFC 311. However, Tsarukyan pulled out one day before the event, citing a back injury sustained while cutting weight, and was replaced by
Renato Moicano. Tsarukyan successfully weighed in on June 27, 2025, as the backup for the lightweight title bout between
Ilia Topuria and
Charles Oliveira at
UFC 317. Tsarukyan faced
Dan Hooker in the main event on November 22, 2025, at
UFC Fight Night 265. He won the fight via an arm-triangle choke submission in the second round. This fight earned him another
Performance of the Night award.
Title contention and cancelled title bouts In November 2025, after lightweight champion
Ilia Topuria announced he would take time away from competition for personal reasons, the UFC booked an interim lightweight title bout between
Justin Gaethje and
Paddy Pimblett for
UFC 324. White said Tsarukyan would need to work his way back to a title shot and said he did not care about Tsarukyan’s ranking position when discussing the matchmaking decision. The booking drew criticism from fighters and media. Former lightweight champion
Islam Makhachev said Tsarukyan should have gotten the title shot and questioned the promotion’s matchmaking. UFC Hall of Famer
Daniel Cormier argued that a matchup between Topuria and Tsarukyan was necessary to settle the division’s top spot. Journalist
Ariel Helwani also criticized the decision publicly. Tsarukyan criticized the booking and later alleged the promotion favored Pimblett; Pimblett disputed the claim, while UFC chief business officer
Hunter Campbell cited Tsarukyan's UFC 311 withdrawal and the Hooker weigh-in incident when explaining the matchmaking decision. == Grappling career ==