The Seven Enemy Offensives are: • The
First Enemy Offensive, the attack conducted by the Axis in autumn of 1941 against the "
Republic of Užice", a liberated territory the Partisans established in the western region of the
Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. In November 1941, under the codename '
Operation Uzice',
German troops attacked and reoccupied this territory, with the majority of Partisan forces escaping towards
Bosnia. It was during this offensive that the tenuous collaboration between the Partisans and the royalist
Chetniks broke down and turned into open hostility. • The
Second Enemy Offensive, consisted of three consecutive operations conducted by German, Italian and
Independent State of Croatia forces,
Operation Southeast Croatia and
Operation Ozren against Partisan forces in eastern
Bosnia, and
Operation Prijedor to relieve beleaguered German and Croatian forces in northwest Bosnia. In eastern Bosnia, the Partisan troops avoided encirclement and were forced to retreat over
Igman mountain near
Sarajevo. • The
Third Enemy Offensive, which consisted of two operations against Partisan forces in eastern Bosnia,
Montenegro,
Sandžak and
Herzegovina which took place in the spring of 1942. These operations were the German-Italian
Operation Trio and the Italian-Chetnik
Montenegro offensive. The
Kozara Offensive, which took place in
northwestern Bosnia in the summer of 1942, known as Operation
West-Bosnien by the Germans, is sometimes wrongly considered part of the Third Enemy Offensive. • The
Fourth Enemy Offensive, launched by German, Italian,
Independent State of Croatia and
Chetnik forces, is also known as the Battle of the Neretva or
Operation Weiss. The conflict spanning the area between western
Bosnia and northern
Herzegovina, and culminating in the Partisan retreat over the
Neretva river. It took place from January to April, 1943. • The
Fifth Enemy Offensive, also known as the Battle of the Sutjeska or
Fall Schwarz (
Case Black), was an attack by German, Italian, Independent State of Croatia and Bulgarian forces, The operation immediately followed the Fourth Offensive and included a complete encirclement of Partisan forces in southeastern Bosnia and northern Montenegro in May and June 1943. • The
Sixth Enemy Offensive, also known as the
Operation Kugelblitz (Ball Lightning), a series of operations undertaken by the
Wehrmacht and the
NDH military after the capitulation of
Italy (
Armistice of Cassibile) in an attempt to secure the
Adriatic Sea coast. It took place in the autumn and winter of 1943/44. • The
Seventh Enemy Offensive, the final attack in western Bosnia in the spring of 1944, which included
Operation Rösselsprung (Knight's Leap), an unsuccessful attempt to eliminate
Josip Broz Tito personally and annihilate the leadership of the Partisan movement, located in
Drvar. By the end of the seventh offensive, the greater part of
Yugoslavia was securely in partisan hands. == Interpretations ==