Prior to South Africa entering franchises into the then Super 12, the domestic Currie Cup sides competed instead. The Free State Cheetahs, one of the sides that make up the current Central Cheetahs, competed in one Super 12 season in 1997. In mid April 2005, the
South African Rugby Union announced that the Central Unions franchise would be its fifth team for the expanded Super 14 competition that would begin in 2006. They were awarded the franchise ahead of the Southern and Eastern Cape (see
Southern Spears). In the pre-season of their entrance to the new look Super 14 competition, the Cheetahs played both of the other new franchises, new Australian team; the
Western Force and 2007 fellow South African team, the Southern Spears. The Cheetahs proved to be the strongest out of the new sides, demolishing the Spears 48 to nil and soundly defeating the Force in
Perth. The Cheetahs played their first game on 10 February, proving they are fighting fit, but were not good enough on the day for the South African
Bulls, losing their first official match in
Bloemfontein 18 points to 30. The Cheetahs won their first Super 14 game in week two, defeating the
Sharks in a thrilling match seeing the Cheetahs win by a single point, 27 to 26. Entering
round four of the 2006 season, the Cheetahs were facing the table leaders, the
Hurricanes. In a surprise result, the Cheetahs beat the table leaders, thus winning their first home game and proving they deserve to be in the Super 14. The Cheetahs finally broke their drought in overseas matches with an upset over the
New South Wales Waratahs on 19 March 2011. Following
SANZAAR's decision to reduce the number of teams for
2018, the
South African Rugby Union announced that the Cheetahs would be one of the teams cut from the 2018 competition. Instead, the Cheetahs joined the previously Northern Hemisphere-exclusive
Pro14 competition prior to the
2017–18 season. The Cheetahs were unable to compete in the
2020–21 Pro14 due to
COVID-19 pandemic travel restrictions. Instead, the team played the
Super Rugby Unlocked in late 2020 and the
Preparation Series in early 2021. However, the Cheetahs were not invited into the
Pro14 Rainbow Cup. The Pro14 was rebranded as the
United Rugby Championship for the
2021–22, and the team was not selected to enter it. Since 2022, the Cheetahs play in the
EPCR Challenge Cup as an invited team. ==Currie Cup==