Scholars generally connect the meeting described in this part with the accounts in and/or , although the details are unclear.
Verse 1 :
Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, and also took Titus with me. • "After 14 years" most likely refers to "Paul's call" (), not to his visit to Cephas ().
Verse 9 :
and when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that had been given to me, they gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. • "James, Cephas, and John":
James was a
brother of Jesus Christ, attributed to the
Epistle of James, gave the famous speech in the
synod at Jerusalem (
Acts 15:13), presided in
the church in Jerusalem, was a man of great holiness, and much esteemed by the followers of
Jesus.
Cephas is the name that was given by Christ to
Simon Peter () and in the Syriac language signifies a "stone", as the word "Peter" does in the Greek, to which Jesus alludes, ().
John was
the evangelist, and the same that wrote the epistles, was the beloved disciple, and who outlived all the rest.): they were considered "the very chief of the apostles" (cf. ; ). also among the Jews, when covenants were made, or partnership was entered into; see () where the phrase "in putting of the hand", both by Onkelos, and Jonathan ben Uzziel, is rendered "in fellowship of the hand", or "by the right hand of fellowship". ==Incident at Antioch (2:11–14)==