Garuda Indonesia

Beginnings (1949–60s) Seulawah, the first Garuda Indonesia aircraft on display in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta. It is a contribution from the Acehnese people.|alt=refer to caption The predecessor to Garuda Indonesia was a KLM subsidiary, KLM Interinsulair Bedrijf (KLM Interinsular Service), which was nationalized in December 1949. In its current institutional form, Garuda Indonesia had its beginnings in the Indonesian war of independence against the Dutch in the late 1940s, when Garuda flew special transports with a Douglas DC-3. The first aircraft was a DC-3 known as Seulawah (Acehnese: "Gold Mountain", or from Arabic Shalawah, means praise/worship) and was purchased for 120,000 Malayan dollars, which was provided by the people of Aceh (notably local merchants). The first commercial flight from Calcutta to Yangon (then, Rangoon) was on 26 January 1949, using a DC-3 Dakota aircraft with the tail number RI 001 and the name Indonesian Airways. 26 January 1949 is generally recognized as the airline's founding date. -55 at Kai Tak Airport in 1967|alt=A Garuda Indonesia Douglas DC-8 at Kai Tak Airport in 1967, showing an older livery The name Garuda is taken from the Hindu tradition: it is the name of Lord Vishnu's mount (vahana) and was introduced in 1949. During the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference at The Hague, from 23 August to 2 November 1949, Indonesian President Sukarno cited a Dutch poem by a renowned Javanese scholar and poet Raden Mas Noto Soeroto: "''Ik ben Garuda, Vishnoe's vogel, die zijn vleugels uitslaat hoog boven uw eilanden''", which means "I'm Garuda, Vishnu's Bird, that spreads its wings high above the Islands". The first flight under the name Garuda Indonesian Airways was made with a second DC-3 entering service in 1949. Its first flight under the new name was to pick up Sukarno in Yogyakarta on 28 December. Throughout the revolution, Garuda supported national interests and often carried diplomats on its flights. The Burmese government helped the airline significantly during its beginnings. The country's national airline, Union of Burma Airways, often chartered one of the airline's DC-3s for its own flights. Accordingly, upon Garuda's formal joint incorporation with KLM on 31 March 1950, the airline gave the Burmese government a DC-3. By the early and mid-1950s, the airline operated a fleet of 38 aircraft, including 22 DC-3s, 8 Catalina seaplanes, and 8 Convair 240s. In 1956, the airline operated its first flight to Mecca with Convair aircraft, carrying 40 Indonesian pilgrims. In 1991, Garuda took delivery of the McDonnell Douglas MD-11s, due for delivery in 2000, but a new series of challenges and difficulties were about to hit the airline. Difficult period (1996–2004) of Garuda at Sepinggan International Airport in 2001|alt=refer to caption The late 1990s and early 2000s proved a turbulent and difficult time for Garuda; accidents in Fukuoka (Flight 865) in 1996 and Medan (Flight 152) in 1997 added to problems caused by the 1997 Asian financial crisis, resulting in a drastic reduction in operations, including termination of service to the Americas and a massive scaling back of its European operations. Largely due to historical links with the Netherlands, Garuda continued to operate flights to Amsterdam after the initial cutbacks. The other European routes that continued were Frankfurt and London. However, Garuda attempted to launch its first non-stop flight from Jakarta to Europe with a Jakarta to Frankfurt service, continuing on to London and back on October 28, 2001, as Garuda Indonesia Flights 970 and 971, the route was short-lived and the route was axed in early 2002 due to the effect of tourism caused by the attacks in the US on September 11 the previous year, along with the ditching of Garuda Flight 421 earlier that year. Finally, both routes returned back to one-stop services until they were discontinued in 2003, with the Amsterdam route discontinued the following year on 28 October 2004. The situation was exacerbated by the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks in the U.S., the Bali bombings, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, and the SARS scare, all of which contributed to a downturn in air travel and Indonesian tourism. Shortly after, its earlier order for the Boeing 777 was deferred, and so was an order for 18 Boeing 737-800s to replace its ageing 737 Classic fleet. Munir murder (2004–2006) On 7 September 2004, Garuda's reputation suffered further damage when human rights activist Munir Said Thalib, travelling to Amsterdam via Singapore on Garuda Indonesia Flight 974, was assassinated by off-duty pilot Pollycarpus Priyanto, who slipped arsenic into his drink sometime before the departure of the flight's second leg to Amsterdam. Munir was reported to have felt unwell several hours after departure from Singapore, during which time he was checked on by a doctor who happened to be on board and moved to the business class cabin to sleep. He died about two hours before arrival in Amsterdam, sparking an international controversy, during which time Priyanto, CEO Indra Setiawan, and deputy Rohainil Aini were all convicted of his murder, although it has been alleged it was under orders from the Indonesian State Intelligence Agency (Badan Intelijen Negara). The airline was found negligent in failing to perform an emergency landing and was ordered to pay compensation to Munir's widow, but failed to do so. European ban (2007–2009) In June 2007, the EU banned Garuda Indonesia and all other Indonesian airlines, from flying into any European countries, On 28 November 2007, the EU said that the safety reforms already undertaken were a step in the right direction for the EU to consider lifting the ban, but still did not satisfy the EU's aviation safety standards, and thus did not lift its ban. The ban was lifted in July 2009, after which Garuda began evaluating service to Amsterdam and other European destinations, as well as the United States. Developments after the lifting of ban (2009–2020) Following the lifting of the EU ban against Garuda Indonesia and three other Indonesian carriers which were Lion Air, etc, the airline announced in July 2009 an aggressive five-year expansion plan known as the Quantum Leap. The plan involved an image overhaul, including changing the airline's livery, staff uniform and logo, and nearly doubling the size of its fleet from 62 to 116. As part of the Quantum Leap, the airline refreshed its logo and redesigned its livery in 2009, more than 20 years after the last update. New uniforms were introduced in 2010. In 2010, the airline placed a firm order for six additional Airbus A330s at the 2010 Farnborough Airshow, while it opened a new hub at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, Makassar, South Sulawesi to increase services to the eastern part of Indonesia on 1 June 2011, its third after Jakarta and Denpasar. In 2013, Garuda's won the Skytrax World's Best Cabin Crew Awards, and in 2018, Garuda's won the awards again for the fifth consecutive year. During this period, the airline also added additional frequencies to many of its international routes, including to Singapore, Bangkok, Beijing and Shanghai from Jakarta, while it also added capacity to Denpasar-Seoul. At the Paris Air Show 2011, Garuda Indonesia announced a firm order of 25 Airbus A320s with an option for another 25. All 25 Airbus A320s are to be used by their subsidiary, Citilink The airline's earlier order for the Boeing 787, made in 2005, was changed once more, due to the delays in the 787's entry into service. Garuda opted to sign for 10 Boeing 777-300ERs instead, which it would take delivery of in 2013 to use on long-haul flights to Europe, and medium-haul flights within Asia, such as to Japan, China, Singapore and Saudi Arabia, as well as short-haul domestic routes between Jakarta and Denpasar. The airline made its debut on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in February 2011, with the government of Indonesia retaining a majority of the shares. PT Trans Airways bought 10.9% stake of Garuda Indonesia unsold IPO shares from underwriters on 27 April 2012. The transaction was valued at Rp 1.53 trillion ($166.8 million). In late 2014, the airline became one of seven airlines to earn the prestigious 5-star rating from Skytrax, marking the end of the five-year Quantum Leap program. Following this announcement, Emirsyah Satar, who had been CEO for the past nine years, announced his resignation and retirement and promoted former Citilink chief Arif Wibowo as his successor. Following Wibowo's promotion, he began a "Quick Wins" cost-cutting drive to cut down on losses while boosting revenue through various measures, including cancelling unprofitable routes and increasing staff efficiency. Despite this, Wibowo remained committed to continuing the airline's international expansion, particularly once market conditions, such as the weakening rupiah, improved. This was reaffirmed following the airline's announcement of its intent to order 90 new aircraft, from both Boeing and Airbus, worth $20 billion at list prices at the 2015 Paris Air Show. Wibowo retired from his position in 2017, replaced by Pahala Nugraha Mansury the same year before being replaced by I Gusti Ngurah Askhara Danadiputra, otherwise known as Ari Askhara in 2018. took over as Garuda's CEO in September 2018, setting a new strategy of capacity cuts and price increases. The airline reported a $19.7 million profit in Q1 2019, jup from a $64.3 million loss the prior year, including a 12% rise in revenue. During Ari Askhara's leadership, Garuda introduced live acoustic concerts on domestic flights, which led to criticism. as well as reopening the London route from Denpasar, with transit in Medan's Kualanamu International Airport. It was also hit with three high-profile scandals. In April 2019, Chairul Tanjung and Dony Oskaria, Independent Commissioners of the airline, called out that Garuda's 2018 Annual Report was not under the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, thus deciding not to sign the report. Both Ministry of Finance and Financial Services Authority found various violations inside the report, as both Independent Commissioners told the public, which led to both regulators imposing a penalty on the airline and the auditors involved. On 13 July 2019, travel reviewer and YouTuber Rius Vernandes shared a picture of a hand-written menu during his flight from Sydney to Jakarta, which led to Garuda's management reporting him to the police followed by the airline issuing a regulation prohibiting selfies on the plane and a lawsuit prompted by the Garuda's workers' association also known as SEKARGA. Both Garuda's and SEKARGA's actions were panned and criticized by worldwide netizens. Through mediation, Rius and Garuda settled, and SEKARGA pulled the lawsuit on 19 July 2019. Controversy during the leadership of Ari Askhara On 5 December 2019, Ari Ashkara was fired from his position for smuggling a classic Harley-Davidson motorcycle and Brompton folded bicycle. The motorcycle and bicycle were found by the Soekarno–Hatta International Airport's Customs and Excise team inside a recently delivered Airbus A330-900 aircraft. It was revealed that Ari Askhara and other directors had been implementing various policies that harmed Garuda flight attendants, such as mutation without explanation, additional flight hours, and discrimination between employees. These policies were subsequently revoked. A year later in December 2020, it was revealed through Twitter that many Garuda flight attendants had been victims of sexual harassment and coercion to prostitution during Ari's leadership, with many attendants confirming that VP Cabin Attendant Roni Eka Mirsa was the pimp for the prostitution circle. Police responded by investigating the whistleblower in the case for defamation after a report was filed by an air hostess who was allegedly the mistress of various executives at state-owned enterprises. She later dropped the complaint. State-owned Enterprises Minister Erick Thohir said that he would consider dismissing executives of state-owned enterprises if their female employees have faced sexual harassment. COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023) On 14 May 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the aviation industry, Garuda Indonesia furloughed 800 of its staff for at least three months. In June, it laid off 180 contracted pilots. The airline implemented face masks for crew members following health regulations to prevent the spread of the disease. On 16 June 2020, after some passengers complained that they could not see the flight attendants' faces, Garuda president director Irfan Setiaputra said the airline was planning to replace face masks with face shields for its cabin crew. Three days later, in response to public criticism of the plan, he said Garuda's flight attendants would not stop using face masks. Financial trouble Due to the prolonged pandemic, Garuda Indonesia experienced problems in operations, management, and funding. Its debt has arisen and is unpaid, and the corporation is currently on the verge of bankruptcy and future closure by the government. In the effort to save the airline, Garuda has cut around 30 percent of its workforce, reducing its staff to 5,400 from 7,861. Garuda claims that its board of directors and its commissioners have taken a pay cut as well. At the end of 2021, Garuda reported a debt of $9.8 billion to more than 800 creditors, complicating efforts for out-of-court settlement attempts during the COVID-19 pandemic, where Garuda's income dropped by 70 percent. As the future replacement of Garuda Indonesia in case the corporation is deemed beyond saving, the government prepared Pelita Air Service, a cargo airline currently owned by Pertamina, to be the successor of Garuda Indonesia as the new flag carrier of Indonesia. In May 2022, Garuda appeared in court for its attempts to reschedule its debts. Garuda filed for a 30-day delay in the proceedings, which is granted by the court. This was the second extension given by the court, as the original court date was in March 2022. In April 2022, the Sixth Committee of Indonesia's People Representative Council and Erick Thohir, Indonesia's Minister of State Owned Enterprises, decided to execute a scheme to save the ailing airline. In June 2022, during Garuda's attempt to delay payment of its debts, Garuda announced that its debt was $8.3 billion, where its biggest debtors were Airbus SE and Pertamina. If the delay to pay its debts was accepted by its creditors, Garuda promised that it would be profitable in three years. Garuda will also seek funding of $1.3 billion through global bonds and issuance of new stocks. On 17 June 2022, Garuda's creditors voted to accept Garuda's debt restructuring, saving the company from bankruptcy. Boeing did not join the debt restructuring process because Garuda stated that its amount of debt to Boeing was not verified yet, and Garuda stated that if Boeing did not confirm its debt to Boeing in 30 days after the debt restructuring, Garuda's debt to Boeing could be removed. On 20 June 2022, Garuda's debt restructuring was put on hold because two of the lessors did not agree with the debt restructuring, and a new court date was set on 27 June. In September 2022, Garuda Indonesia filed for US Chapter 15 bankruptcy protection. Corruption case On 22 June 2022, the Attorney General's Office of Indonesia said it was finishing its investigation of corruption in the purchase of CRJ-1000 and ATR 72-600 aircraft. Setijo Awibowo, the Vice President of Strategic Management, Agus Wahjudo, the Executive Project Manager of Aircraft Delivery and ex-vice President of Treasury Management Albert Burhan are suspects in the case. Emirsyah Satar, the CEO during the alleged corruption, has been arrested for another corruption case. The loss for Indonesia is reported to be US$609 million. ==Corporate affairs and identity==

Presidents and CEOs Branding and livery and parang gondosuli batik|alt=refer to caption|345x345px Since its establishment, Garuda Indonesia has changed its branding and livery multiple times. Original livery During the airline's earliest years, Garuda's colour scheme was a simple "Indonesian Airways" logotype with blue lines running along the fuselage and the Indonesian flag on the horizontal stabilizer. 1950s livery During the airline's early years, Garuda's colour scheme was a simple "Garuda Indonesian Airways" logotype with red lines running along the fuselage and the Indonesian flag on the horizontal stabilizer. 1960s rebranding In the 1960s, Garuda introduced a red and white colour scheme following the Indonesian national identity and the Indonesian flag. Also during this period, the airline introduced a bird logo: a triangle-stylized eagle-like Garuda with a red and white shield. The logo was painted on the vertical stabiliser of Garuda's aircraft from 1961 to 1969. 1969 rebranding In 1969, a logotype with a unique font replaced the triangular eagle as Garuda's corporate identity, along with a new color scheme consisting of a red and orange "hockey stick" line running along the aircraft's windows and vertical stabilizer. This livery was used from 1969 to 1985. 1985 rebranding In 1985, Garuda underwent a complete branding makeover, changing its name into "Garuda Indonesia" along with its livery, logo and logotype. The new branding and livery were created by Landor Associates who also created the new logo: the Garuda symbol with five bent lines forming its wings. The color scheme was changed to a deep royal blue and aqua color, said to be inspired by the nature of Indonesia that was dominated by tropical greenery and seas when viewed from the air. The nationalistic red and white color scheme was no longer used. 2009 rebranding In 2009, a new branding initiative was launched through a new image, developed once again by brand consultant Landor Associates: a new spin of the idea called "nature's wing". The bird symbol designed by Landor 24 years earlier is still maintained as Garuda Indonesia's logo, with minor changes, while the logotype now uses a customized font. Special liveries To celebrate its 62 years of service, on 26 January 2011, Garuda Indonesia painted 2 of its Boeing 737-800s with retro liveries the airline used in the 1960s and 1970s. To raise awareness on wearing masks during the COVID-19 pandemic, Garuda Indonesia painted five of their aircraft with a surgical mask tied to its nose, with the words "Ayo pakai masker," meaning "Please wear masks," introduced on 1 October 2020. This is part of Indonesia's governmental responses to the pandemic, however, the design itself is from an ongoing competition Garuda launched called Fly Your Design Through The Sky, asking people to design masks to be painted in one of their planes. Head office Garuda Indonesia has its head office at Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia, near Cengkareng and near Jakarta. The head office is the Garuda Indonesia Management Building, located within the Garuda Indonesia City Center. The about head office facility is on a plot of land. , the head office houses the Garuda management and about 1,000 employees from various units. Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono opened the current Garuda head office in 2009. The previous head office was located in the city center of Jakarta, in Central Jakarta. Privatization Garuda Indonesia had announced that its subsidiary GMF AeroAsia would be listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008. However, due to the 2008 financial crisis, GMF delayed IPO until 2009. The Ministry of State-Owned Companies (Kementrian BUMN) had also announced a plan to privatize Garuda, which opened the possibility of offering its shares publicly. Garuda Indonesia aimed to list on 11 February 2011, for an initial public offering. The Government of Indonesia confirmed the IPO price of Garuda Indonesia at Rp. 750 per share and also cut the offering size to 6.3 billion shares only from 9.362 billion planned before. Subsidiaries Garuda Indonesia's subsidiaries include: In September 2019, Garuda Indonesia launched the grandchildren of company, PT Garuda Tauberes Indonesia application. The company is engaged in logistics orders, both for couriers, air cargo gateways and payments through the e-commerce application platform Tauberes. The concept carried is smart logistic services. In addition, four new grandchildren of the company have also been established. The four companies are PT Garuda Daya Pratama Sejahtera, PT Garuda Indonesia Air Charter. Then followed, PT Garuda Ilmu Terapan Cakrawala, and PT Garuda Energi Logistik dan Komersial. Cooperation On 18 August 2018, Garuda Indonesia signed an MoU agreement with the cargo airline Jayawijaya Dirgantara relating to the distribution of cargo from Jayapura to Wamena. ==Destinations==

, which is the airline's main hub|alt=refer to caption |alt=refer to caption Garuda Indonesia operates flights to 96 airport destinations (72 domestic and 24 international) in 12 countries (including Indonesia), with approximately 500 daily departures from its hubs at Jakarta, Denpasar, Makassar and Medan. The airline serves 3 continents (Asia, Australia and Europe) with its fleet of 140 aircraft, to destinations such as Singapore, Shanghai–Pudong, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Amsterdam, Sydney, Melbourne, Doha, Guangzhou, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Seoul–Incheon, Jeddah, Medina, Hong Kong, and Kuala Lumpur–International. Although it has rapidly expanded its route network since the Quantum Leap began in 2009, Garuda still does not fly to several major cities, such as Manila and Ho Chi Minh City. Despite repeatedly stating its intention to fly to Manila, Garuda has not given a time frame. In June 2008, it was announced that Garuda Indonesia would increase services between Australia and Bali. From 25 June, Garuda Indonesia added an extra flight between Darwin and Denpasar, bringing the total number of services to three per week. Additionally, a fourth flight from Melbourne to Denpasar began on 22 July. On 2 September, another extra service departed from Melbourne to bring the total number of weekly flights to five and a sixth flight left from Sydney. This extra capacity was in response to an increase in the number of Australians who travelled to Bali in the first quarter of 2008, marking a resurgence in Balinese tourism, which was hit hard by the 2002 and 2005 Bali bombings. On 13 October 2009, Garuda announced it would resume flights to Europe for the first time since its removal from the E.U. blacklist. It commenced flights between Jakarta and Amsterdam in June 2010, initially with a refuelling stop in Dubai. On 2 December 2012, after agreeing to a codeshare agreement with Etihad Airways, Garuda changed the refueling stop to Abu Dhabi. After the delivery of its Boeing 777-300ER aircraft in 2013, the airline removed the Abu Dhabi refueling stop, and commenced non-stop service to Amsterdam, as the longest flight Garuda operated, and consequently ending flights to Abu Dhabi, leaving Etihad as the sole operator between Jakarta and Abu Dhabi. On 8 September that year, the airline extended its Amsterdam flight with continuing service to London Gatwick. In 2011, Garuda flew 17.1 million passengers, up 39% from the previous year, while the total revenue jumped 38% to Rp27.1 trillion ($2.95 billion). The composition of passengers on domestic and international routes was 81% versus 19% respectively. On 31 March 2016, Garuda Indonesia inaugurated its first flight from Singapore Changi Airport to London Heathrow, using a Boeing 777-300ER. In mid 2016, Garuda announced its intention to resume service to Mumbai from Jakarta. This service is opened on 12 December 2016 via Bangkok using Boeing 737-800NG. On 12 September 2016, Garuda Indonesia announced its intention to resume service to Los Angeles via Tokyo–Narita using a Boeing 777-300ER from Jakarta after the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) granted a Category 1 rating to Indonesia. The flight was slated to start in November 2017. The last time Los Angeles was served was in 1998. , however, the plan is yet to be realized and has most likely been shelved as the Government of Japan has yet to approve fifth freedom rights to Garuda. In February 2017, Garuda Indonesia announced that the airline will resume flights to Dubai and Moscow using the wide-body Airbus A330-200. This flight is planned to be resumed in 2018, although has not been resumed. In August 2018, Garuda Indonesia announced that the airline would end flights to London Heathrow by October, although it then resumed flights in December with a dual-class Boeing 777-300ER in the same year. 2019 marked further adjustments to Garuda's flight to London Heathrow as the airline announced a Jakarta-London Heathrow, London Heathrow-Denpasar routing. Joint ventures Garuda Indonesia has joint venture agreements with the following airlines: • Japan Airlines • Singapore Airlines Codeshare agreements Garuda Indonesia has codeshare agreements with the following airlines: • Aeroméxico • Air Europa • Air France • Bangkok Airways • China Airlines • China Eastern Airlines • Citilink • Delta Air Lines • Emirates • Etihad Airways • IndiGo • Japan Airlines • Kenya Airways • KLM • Korean Air • Malaysia Airlines • Oman Air • Philippine Airlines • Qatar Airways • Saudia • Singapore Airlines • Turkish Airlines • Vietnam Airlines • XiamenAir Explore and Explore-jet sub-brands of Garuda Indonesia Explore-jet landing at Christmas Island Airport on its weekly service from Jakarta (February 2017) As Indonesia's flag carrier, Garuda Indonesia tries to connect many parts of Indonesia to support the government's "Indonesian Interconnectivity" program. But Garuda's fleet of Boeing 737-800s cannot reach many remote and smaller airports, because of the lack of airport infrastructure in smaller cities and remote areas, such as insufficient runway length. In line with its Quantum Leap plan, Garuda ordered brand-new Bombardier CRJ1000 and ATR 72 to reach smaller airports from Garuda's hubs like Ngurah Rai International Airport, Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, and Kualanamu International Airport. On 25 November 2013, Garuda launched its new sub-brands "Explore" and "Explore-jet", for servicing perintis ("pioneer") lines traditionally served by (dormant) Merpati Nusantara Airlines and its competitor Wings Air. In 2022, due to the corruption scandal surrounding Bombardier CRJ1000 and ATR 72 fleet procurement back in 2013, and the company's worsened financial condition during the COVID-19 pandemic forced the grounding of these two types of aircraft fleets. Currently, most of the fleets have been returned to the lessor or transferred to its subsidiary Citilink, which also means the end of the "Explore" and "Explore-jet" sub-brands. SkyTeam livery to represent Garuda's membership within SkyTeam Airline Alliance. In 2009, Garuda Indonesia expressed an interest in joining the SkyTeam airline alliance, which would make it the second airline in Southeast Asia to participate after Vietnam Airlines. Membership would open SkyTeam's network to Indonesian, Australian, and New Zealand markets, which it lacked connectivity to. In December 2009, three SkyTeam members – Korean Air, KLM, and Delta Air Lines (China Airlines joined as fourth member to support Garuda after its 2011 SkyTeam inclusion) – committed to supporting Garuda Indonesia to join SkyTeam. This made Garuda Indonesia eligible to apply for membership in the alliance. On 23 November 2010, Garuda Indonesia signed an agreement to join SkyTeam. However instead of the usual 18–24 months to complete membership formalities, shortcomings with its IT system delayed Garuda's entry. After a 40-month process, the airline eventually became the 20th member of the alliance on 5 March 2014, two years after the original target date. The inclusion of Garuda Indonesia adds 40 new destinations to SkyTeam's global network and strengthens the alliance presence in Southeast Asia and Australia. To commemorate the event, the airline repainted an Airbus A330-300, a Boeing 737-800, and a Bombardier CRJ1000 with SkyTeam livery. In addition to repainted aircraft, a Boeing 777-300ER was delivered with SkyTeam livery. With the arrival of Garuda Indonesia to SkyTeam, a variety of facilities are given as including SkyPriority, as well as changing its current frequent flyer membership into GarudaMiles. In addition, Garuda is connected with 140 new destinations and also teamed up with the world's major airlines, such as Aeroflot, Aeroméxico, Air France, China Airlines, Delta Air Lines, KLM, Korean Air, and Saudia. ==Fleet==

The Boeing customer code for Garuda Indonesia is U3, which appears on its aircraft designations as an infix, such as 737-8U3, 777-3U3ER, and 747-2U3B. Garuda uses the Boeing 777-300ER on high-density medium and long-haul routes. The Airbus A330 and Boeing 747-400 fleet is primarily used on most medium-haul routes from Jakarta and Denpasar, as well as for Umrah and Hajj flights. The Boeing 737-800 and Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft are used on most domestic and regional routes. Meanwhile, the Bombardier CRJ1000 is used to fly to airports incapable of handling the newer 737-800, replacing the Boeing 737 Classic. The ATR 72-600 turboprop entered service at the end of 2013, serving new inter-island routes to airports in the middle and eastern parts of Indonesia that cannot handle jet aircraft. At the Paris Air Show in 2015, Garuda Indonesia signed a Letter of Intent (LoI) to purchase 80 new aircraft from Boeing and Airbus (30 737 MAX, 20 787 Dreamliner, 30 A350 XWB) worth $20 billion at list prices Garuda also signed a LoI for 14 Airbus A330-900s aircraft (including seven cancellations from existing A330-300 orders), first reported during the Singapore Airshow 2016, confirming the order on 19 April 2016. On 5 October 2017, Garuda operated its last Boeing 747 service after the last aircraft touched down in Makassar from Medina, a returning Hajj flight. It was then ferried to Jakarta the following day for retirement. In January 2019, CEO Ari Askhara stated that the airline was considering and negotiating with lessors for a switch of 34 out of the remaining 49 Boeing 737 MAXes on order to the larger MAX 10 variant, as the airline was planning to resume 737 MAX deliveries by 2020. In March 2019, the airline decided to cancel its outstanding orders for 49 Boeing 737 MAX aircraft, citing a loss of passenger confidence in the type after the crashes of Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302. In November 2020, the airline clarified that their order for Boeing 737 MAX is not cancelled yet, and talks are still ongoing with Boeing concerning the order. , although not announced, it is confirmed that Garuda Indonesia will recommit to the 737 MAX, and plans to order Boeing 787 Dreamliner. In July 2025, as part of a broader trade agreement between Indonesia and the United States, President Prabowo Subianto announced Indonesia's intention to purchase around 50 Boeing aircraft to strengthen Garuda Indonesia's fleet, aligning with efforts to modernize the national carrier and expand long-haul and regional services. This pledge was tied to negotiations to lower proposed U.S. tariffs on Indonesian exports from 32% to 19%, aiming to secure more favorable trade conditions while supporting U.S. manufacturing. However, despite the high-profile announcement, the specifics of the order, including aircraft models, financing terms, delivery schedules, and whether Garuda or its subsidiaries will directly receive the aircraft, remain under discussion, making the actual implementation of this purchase unclear at this stage. Current fleet , Garuda Indonesia operates the following aircraft: Former fleet ==Services==

Garuda Indonesia is a full-service airline featuring economy, business and first classes. The airline began to introduce new premium products and services with the arrival of the Airbus A330-200 and Boeing 737-800 aircraft. First class cabins were introduced in 2013 on board the Boeing 777-300ER with Wi-Fi and telecommunication services on board. Cabin First Class First class is available on two Boeing 777-300ER aircraft, featuring eight suites arranged in a 1-2-1 configuration. The first-class seats are suites, with sliding doors for extra privacy. They feature a 24" AVOD screen and seats that convert into a bed, as well as a touchscreen seat controller. There is a chef on board the aircraft to tend to the passengers' needs. First Class passengers can use in-flight Wi-Fi connectivity at no extra cost. It has a seat pitch of 82 inches and a seat width of 22 inches. The product was originally available on all Boeing 777-300ER aircraft, however, it was decided the final four aircraft would be delivered in a two-class configuration. In 2017, four more aircraft were refitted into the two-class configuration, leaving just two aircraft featuring First Class. Business Class Business Class Garuda's business class product, is available on all aircraft except six older A330-300. The new Business Class cabin on Garuda's Boeing 777-300ERs is fitted with EADS Sogerma flat-bed seats arranged in a staggered 1-2-1 configuration; allowing all passengers direct aisle access. These seats feature a 74" seat pitch, 15" AVOD screen, USB ports, an in-seat laptop power supply, and personal reading light. Four new A330-300s, delivered from 2016 onwards, feature the B/E Super Diamond business class seat, featuring all-aisle access, in a staggered 1-2-1 configuration, a 180-degree recline, more storage space, a new 16-inch entertainment screen, and touchscreen seat controls, along with an all-new Panasonic eX3 inflight entertainment system. On board other Airbus A330s, the Business Class cabin features a fully flat-bed seat on all -200s and seven -300s (delivered between 2013 and 2015). However, there are no Business Class seats on board six older A330-300s delivered in 1997. The flatbed seats have up to 74" seat pitch. Seats are equipped with personal AVOD In-Flight Entertainment System (IFE), USB ports, in-seat laptop power supply, and personal reading light. Business Class seats on board are configured in a 2-2-2 configuration. Garuda's Boeing 737-800 aircraft also features a reclining Business Class product with a 42" seat pitch in a 2–2 layout, equipped with an in-seat laptop power supply, personal 9-inch touch-screen and handset activated AVOD In-Flight Entertainment, and personal reading light. A range of hot and cold beverages is available, along with snacks and/or meals, depending on the length of the flight. Wine and beer are also offered on international flights. Economy Class older Economy Class Economy Class seats are available on all aircraft. Seat configuration is 3-3 on the 737, 2-4-2 on the A330 as well as 3-3-3 on the 777. Seat widths range from 17 inches on board all 737, to over 18 inches on board the A330 and 777. Seat pitch is 31–32 inches on the 737, 32–33 inches on board the 777, and 33–34 inches on board the A330. Seat-back inflight entertainment is offered on all 737s (except some PK-GUx series) and all A330s and 777s. Except for four newest A330 aircraft (which feature an 11.1-inch touchscreen), every seat has a 9-inch seat-back touchscreen. Old cabins ESCort (Economy Sleeping Comfort) ESCort (Economy Sleeping Comfort) was Garuda's one of two newest onboard class services that was introduced in 2019 exclusively on its flights to and from London-Heathrow. In ESCort class, passengers can enjoy three whole economy class seats for themselves. The airline provided a mattress, pillow, and duvet cover along with business class meals and amenities for passengers travelling in this class. Passengers were allowed to lie down on the three seats during the flight. Premium Economy Premium Economy was the second onboard class service that Garuda Indonesia introduced in 2019 as it marks its maiden flight from London Heathrow to Denpasar, Bali. The Premium Economy class gave travelling couples an extra empty seat in the regular Economy class cabin. Passengers in Premium Economy can also enjoy a checked baggage allowance along with a business class meal and amenity kit. Garuda introduced a new IFE system on board four A330-300 aircraft. These come with an 11-inch touchscreen in Economy with a touchpad controller, and a 16-inch touchscreen in Business with a 4.7-inch touchscreen remote. Newspapers and magazines are provided to all passengers on board all flights. Six international television channels are available on board the Boeing 777-300ER. Immigration On-Board (IoB) Immigration on Board (IoB) was a special service created by Garuda Indonesia to provide more convenience for passengers travelling to Indonesia. With this service, in cooperation with the Directorate General of Immigration, an agency under the Indonesian Ministry of Law and Human Rights, Garuda Indonesia passengers on certain long-haul flights could complete their immigration process on-board before landing and disembarking. By using this service, Garuda Indonesia passengers did not have to queue at the immigration counter upon arrival at Ngurah Rai International Airport in Denpasar or Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Jakarta. The service was stopped since 2014. Ticketing Terminal 2 A Jakarta-based 24-hour call center is available for local customer access where payment can be made by credit cards, internet/mobile banking or transfers via ATM. Recently online booking from their website is also possible with payment being made online with credit cards from select countries. In April 2011, Garuda Indonesia announced plans to develop online sales. Garuda Indonesia had cooperated with Visa and MasterCard to develop an online credit card payment system, allowing customers to use PayPal. Debit card payments may be processed with Bank Mandiri, BCA or BII. ==Frequent-flyer program==

Garuda Frequent Flyer, Garuda Indonesia's frequent-flyer program was launched in September 1999. In 2005, Garuda Indonesia relaunched its Garuda Frequent Flyer (GFF) with a new look, benefits and services. The new program allows members to earn miles on domestic and international flights and has four tiers of membership covering GFF Junior, Blue, Silver, Gold, and Platinum status levels. In June 2011, Garuda Indonesia launched a joint frequent flyer program with Korean Air. Members of the Garuda Frequent Flyer (GFF) program and Korean Air's SkyPass program will benefit from the cooperation by accruing mileage for flying both Korean Air and Garuda or any Garuda–Korean Air codeshare flights. From 27 March 2014, due to joining SkyTeam, Garuda Indonesia announced that Garuda Frequent Flyer renamed as GarudaMiles. In 2017, Citilink's frequent-flyer program, Supergreen, merged with GarudaMiles, dubbed 'Supergreen GarudaMiles', before merging fully with GarudaMiles. Until 21 March 2024, GarudaMiles serves as Garuda Indonesia and Citilink's frequent-flyer program, as Citilink reincarnates its own frequent flyer program as LinkMiles in 2021 and eventually became independent in 2024. , besides Garuda and SkyTeam members (including suspended member Aeroflot), GarudaMiles members can earn and spend their miles with non-alliance members Emirates and Etihad Airways, Oneworld members Qatar Airways and Japan Airlines, and Star Alliance member Singapore Airlines. GarudaMiles members previously able to earn and spend miles with India's Jet Airways before Jet's demise in 2019. They also previously able to earn miles from Alitalia flights before the carrier's demise in 2021. Lounge Business Class lounge The Garuda Business Lounge is open to passengers travelling in Business Class, as well as those holding a Platinum GarudaMiles card. Lounges are located at Soekarno–Hatta International Airport and throughout Indonesia, offering food and drinks, wireless internet, showers, meeting rooms and business services. First Class lounge Garuda Indonesia First Class Lounge is located only in Soekarno–Hatta International Airport. The lounge's facilities include reading materials, a small library, cigar room, kitchen, Prayer room (Musholla), nursery room, toilets (including ones for disabled individuals), showers, and a self-playing piano. The lounge also provides food and beverages. ==Sponsorships==

Garuda Indonesia was the official sponsor of the 2011 Southeast Asian Games. Garuda Indonesia also supports the "Wonderful Indonesia" tourism campaign by placing the "Wonderful Indonesia" logo in their promotional materials as well as on the hulls of their aircraft. in Liverpool FC onboard marking at Liverpool John Lennon Airport In July 2012, Garuda Indonesia signed a three-year sponsorship deal with Premier League club Liverpool FC. The agreement gives Garuda Indonesia the right to be the Official Partner of Liverpool Football Club and the Official Global Airline Partner of Liverpool Football Club. In addition, a six-minute advertisement video of Garuda Indonesia will be broadcast during matches held at the Liverpool FC home ground, Anfield, for the 2012–2014 season. This collaboration with Liverpool will give Garuda Indonesia media exposure to increase brand awareness in the international market more effectively with more maximal benefits, given the brand Garuda Indonesia will get a higher frequency of delivery with a longer broadcast duration. In 2013, Liverpool toured Asia with one of the countries the goal was Indonesia. Through the tour visit, it is expected that this visit will improve the quality of football matches in Indonesia. ==Market share==

{{Pie chart For most of modern Indonesian history, Garuda Indonesia has dominated the Indonesian air travel market share. However, starting in 2000, Lion Air started to grow and become a serious rival in domestic air travel in Indonesia. By the time the COVID-19 pandemic was still underway in mid 2021, Lion Air still held the majority of Indonesia's domestic air travel market share by 29.7%, while Garuda Indonesia came in fourth with a 10.5% share. Citilink came in second with a market share of 22.6%, followed by Lion's full-service subsidiary Batik (8.9%). Lion Air's regional flight service Wings Air holds a 7.9% share. Indonesia AirAsia, a unit of the Malaysian budget airline, had a 1.9% market share. Overall, the Indonesian domestic air travel business is overwhelmingly ruled by two groups; Lion Air group and Garuda Indonesia group. In 2021, Lion Air group accounted for 59.4% of the market share, while Garuda Indonesia group had a 33.1% market share. For international routes, Garuda Indonesia has identified four airlines that became the benchmark to improve their service and to compete to be the world's best airline. The serious rivals for Garuda Indonesia's international routes are Singapore Airlines, Qatar Airways, Emirates and Cathay Pacific. ==Incidents and accidents==

Hybrid liveries Image:Tail of Qantas Boeing 747-300 leased to Garuda for Hajj MRD-1.jpg|Tail of a Qantas Boeing 747-300 for the Hajj flights season. Image:F-HXLF A330-303 XL Airways France(Garuda Indonesia) MAN 09NOV14.jpg|An XL Airways livery with Garuda Indonesia titles having just returned from a Hajj services. Image:Boeing 747-206B, Garuda Indonesia (KLM - Royal Dutch Airlines) AN0006098.jpg|Boeing 747-206B on lease from KLM - Royal Dutch Airlines at the Vienna Schwechat International Airport. Image:G-OBYC B767-304ER Thomsonfly (Garuda titles) MAN 18FEB06 (6727924541).jpg|Boeing 767-300 on return to Thomsonfly.com after Hajj Pilgrimage lease to Garuda Indonesia. Image:G-OBYI B767-304ER Garuda(Britannia Aws) MAN 20JAN01 (6977554091).jpg|Boeing 767-300 departing Manchester on 2 months Hajj Pilgrimage leased from Britannia Airways. ==See also==