Cathedral church The cathedral consists of a
Norman nave (
Walter de Lacy is buried there), with additions in every style of
Gothic architecture. It is long, and wide, with a fine central tower of the 15th century rising to the height of and topped by four delicate
pinnacles. The crypt, nave and chapter house date from the late 11th century. The crypt is one of the four
apsidal cathedral crypts in England, the others being at
Worcester,
Winchester and
Canterbury. The nave was begun in 1089. The church was largely complete by 1100. In the early 12th century, the western towers were added; the south tower collapsed around 1165. In 1222, a fire damaged the timber roof and several of the monastic buildings. To repair the damage and update the architectural style, an ambitious building campaign was launched, including the revaulting of the nave Early English style (completed 1243); the construction of the central tower (begun 1237); the rebuilding of the collapsed south tower (completed 1246); and the rebuilding of the refectory. The south aisle was rebuilt in 1318–29. The most notable monument is the canopied shrine of
Edward II of England who was murdered at nearby
Berkeley Castle in 1327. Pilgrimages to the tomb brought a huge influx of cash enabling the rebuilding and redecorating of the south transept (1329–37), the north transept (1368–73), and the choir (1350–77). The Norman choir walls are sheathed in Perpendicular tracery. The multiplication of ribs, liernes and bosses in the choir vaulting is particularly rich. The early Perpendicular Great East window is partly filled with surviving medieval
stained glass. When completed in 1350, it was the largest window in existence. One window is said to depict the earliest images of the game of
golf. This dates from 1350, over 300 years earlier than the earliest image of golf from Scotland. Another image, carved on a
misericord, shows people playing a ball game, which has been suggested as one of the earliest images of
medieval football. Between the apsidal chapels is a cross
Lady chapel, and north of the nave are the
cloisters, the carrels or stalls for the monks' study and writing lying to the south. In a side-chapel is a monument in coloured
bog oak of
Robert Curthose, eldest son of
William the Conqueror and a great benefactor of the abbey, who was interred there. Monuments of
William Warburton (Bishop of Gloucester) and
Edward Jenner (physician) are also worthy of note. The coronation of
Henry III is commemorated in a stained-glass window in the south aisle. Between 1873 and 1890, and in 1897, the cathedral was extensively
restored by
George Gilbert Scott. The cathedral has forty-six 14th-century misericords and twelve 19th-century replacements by Gilbert Scott. Both types have a wide range of subject matter: mythology, everyday occurrences, religious symbolism and folklore. Gloucester Cathedral High Altar, Gloucestershire, UK - Diliff.jpg|The Quire with the Great East Window behind - in 1350, when installed, it was the largest window in the world Gloucester Cathedral - Stained window 6.jpg|The West Window Cathedral Church of St Peter and the Holy and Indivisible Trinity, Ceiling in the Choir Gloucester 1245952 20230819 0288.jpg|The Quire's vaulted ceiling Gloucester Cathedral (Holy Trinity) (15170320445).jpg|The vaulted ceiling of the Nave Cathedral Church of St Peter and the Holy and Indivisible Trinity, Nave from the East Gloucester 1245952 20230819 0320.jpg|The Nave from the east Gloucester Cathedral Choir 2, Gloucestershire, UK - Diliff.jpg|Facing west towards the choir, with the organ above
Cloisters and cathedral precincts The cloisters at Gloucester are the earliest surviving
fan vaults in England, having been designed between 1351 and 1377 by Thomas de Cantebrugge. David Verey and Alan Brooks, in the 2002 revised volume,
Gloucestershire 2: The Vale and the Forest of Dean, in the
Pevsner Buildings of England series, call them "the most memorable in England". The cathedral itself suggests that they form "the first and best example of fan vaulting in the world". as are the Little Cloister and Little Cloister House, the remains of a
reservoir in the north-west corner of the Great Cloister and a passage from the cloister to the former
Infirmary, the remains of the infirmary itself, and the north Precinct Wall. The other major structures within the precincts are the
Chapter house and the
Treasury and
library. They date initially from the 11th century, although they have undergone major reconstruction in subsequent centuries. Both are Grade I listed buildings. The treasury adjoins the main cathedral on its northern side, with the library above it, and the chapter house adjoins the treasury. Other structures in the precincts now form part of
King's School, Gloucester including: the remains of the Abbott's lodgings and Dulverton House, both listed at Grade II*, and the gymnasium, Dulverton House Coachhouse, Wardle House, Palace Cottage and a set of railings surrounding a playground, all of which are listed at Grade II. The Cloisters at Gloucester Cathedral.jpg|The Great
Cloister Cloister, Gloucester Cathedral 2.jpg|Another view Gloucester Cathedral Cloister, Gloucestershire, UK - Diliff.jpg|Another view Great Cloister, Gloucester cathedral (15864346494).jpg|Fan vaulting Gloucester Cathedral 20190210 144152 (47623274951).jpg|Exterior
College Green and Miller's Green College Green lies to the south and west of the cathedral, forming its
cathedral close. It was originally the site of a series of monastic graveyards, but was largely rebuilt in the 18th century when many of the buildings were converted to domestic use. Miller's Green forms a close to the north of the cathedral and was originally the monastic service court. Both Miller's Green and College Green contain a large number of
listed buildings. College Green is entered through St Michael's Gate, which dates from the 14th century and is listed at Grade I. No.s 1, 2, 3, and 4 are listed Grade II and stand between St Michael's Gate and King Edward's Gate, which dates from the 16th century, was subject to a major restoration in the 19th century and is listed at II*. No.s 6, 7, and 8 conclude the south-western edge of the green and are all listed at Grade II. No.9 College Green begins the western range of the close and is listed Grade II*. The western range includes No.s 10, 11, 12, Beaufort House, and 13, all of which are listed at Grade II, and concludes with No. 14, which is listed Grade II*. The close is broken by St Mary's Gateway, a
scheduled monument. The War Memorial to the
Royal Gloucestershire Hussars Yeomanry, a Grade II* listed structure, stands in the centre of College Green. The northern side of College Green concludes with No. 15, Community House, which is Grade II listed, and Church House, which was originally the Abbot's Lodge and is now utilised as offices and a restaurant and is listed at Grade I. On the south-eastern edge of the Green, No.s 17, 18 and 19 are listed at Grade II, while
20 College Green is Grade II*. Miller's Green is entered through the Inner Gateway, between Community House and No. 7, Miller's Green. The gateway dates from the 14th century and formed the
gatehouse to the monastic service court. It is a Grade I listed building, while No. 7 is listed at Grade II. Other buildings on Miller's Green include the
Deanery, listed at Grade II*, the Old Mill House, No. 2 Miller's Green, listed at Grade II, and No.s 3, 4A, 4B, 5 and 6, all listed at Grade II. 9 College Green, Gloucester.jpg|No. 9, College Green 14 College Green, Gloucester.jpg|No. 14, College Green 20 College Green, Gloucester.JPG|
No. 20, College Green War memorial on College Green at Gloucester Cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 3017337.jpg|The war memorial on College Green The Deanery, Gloucester-geograph.org.uk-4143651.jpg|The Deanery, No. 1, Miller's Green ==Dean and chapter==