ABBA Gold

In 1989, Stig Anderson, ABBA's manager and sometime songwriting partner, sold Polar Music to PolyGram (which was bought by Universal Music in the late '90s). Before that, Polar had only produced and distributed ABBA's records in Scandinavian countries, licensing the recordings for release by different companies around the world (such as Atlantic in the US and Epic in the UK). This meant there were many different compilations released in different parts of the world. As these licenses were renewed every three years, and, between 1989 and 1992, had all expired, something PolyGram waited for before releasing any new ABBA compilations. PolyGram made all of the original studio albums available (along with the 1986 live album which had originally been issued by Polydor worldwide), while all previously released ABBA compilations had been deleted. In the summer of 1992, Erasure had released a 4 track ABBA cover EP, titled Abba-esque, which topped charts around the world and showed that there was still a strong interest in ABBA's music. Rather than issue the multiple previous compilations, PolyGram put together a new collection, optimized for the CD format. This new release was compiled by PolyGram International's Chris Griffin and Jackie Stansfield, Polydor UK's George McManus, Ingemar Bergman of Sweden Music and Polar in Sweden, and music journalist John Tobler, who also wrote the album's liner notes. Chris Griffin tried to sequence the tracks as if it were a radio show: the album starts with "Dancing Queen", the band's most famous song, and then journeys through ballads, fun hits and dance classics, before it ends with "Waterloo", a nod to the group's international breakthrough in the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest. The album contains a selection of at least one tracks from every album in ABBA's discography up until that point (other than their debut album, Ring Ring) including three tracks each from Arrival, ABBA: The Album and Super Trouper, four from Voulez-Vous, two from ABBA, and one each from Waterloo and The Visitors. Additionally, it features the singles "Fernando" and "Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight)", released on Greatest Hits and Greatest Hits Vol. 2, respectively. Gold: Greatest Hits was well received by the music-buying public, and went on to be one of the best-selling albums of all time. == Release ==

ABBA Gold: Greatest Hits was released on September 21, 1992. It has been re-released in various "special" or "remastered" releases: Regional variations and tie-ins Australian editions: • The 1992 and 1999 editions released in Australia and New Zealand (and some other territories in that area) had a modified track listing (see below) to include three local hits, replacing three other songs on the international edition. • The 2002 re-release was not released in Australia, while in New Zealand, the international edition was issued. • From 2008 onwards, only the international editions have been released in Australia and New Zealand. Spanish versions: • The original 1992 release had a slightly different track listing, replacing the English versions of "Chiquitita" and "Fernando" with the Spanish language versions. • Shortly after the release of Gold: Greatest Hits, a Spanish version of the album, titled Oro: Grandes Exitos, was issued, followed later by Mas Oro: Mas ABBA Exitos. Video and DVD: • In 1992 a VHS video was released which included all tracks from the original album. During the 1990s, various regional variations on this video were issued, until Universal Music decided in 2003 to re-issue the video on VHS and DVD. The track listing was similar to the original album, with some added content: a 25-minute documentary produced in 1999, and the 1992 video of "Dancing Queen". • In 2010, the DVD was remastered with six bonus clips, including five "split-screen" versions of the clips to show which improvements were made by remastering the old videos. These "split-screen" clips were "Gimme! Gimme! Gimme!", "Mamma Mia", "Dancing Queen", "The Winner Takes It All" and "Money, Money, Money". The sixth bonus clip was an Australian cartoon version of "Money, Money, Money". The 2010 edition did not include the 2003 ABBA documentary or the 1992 version of "Dancing Queen". This disc was available as a stand-alone DVD and as part of the 2010 'Special Edition' re-release. Other variations: • In 2002, Gold: Greatest Hits was released in mainland Europe (though not in the UK) with a bonus second disc. • The UK saw a 30th Anniversary Edition released in 2004 with a gold-coloured sleeve cover with black writing, rather than the normal black sleeve with gold writing. The original release included a DVD with 18 of the 19 songs from the CD, excluding "The Name of the Game". It is also available without the DVD. ==Critical reception==

Gold: Greatest Hits has been called one of the most influential compilation albums ever released. Music critic Elisabeth Vincentelli (New York Post; Time Out New York) credits the album for a revival of critical interest in ABBA's music after ten years of neglect following the band's 1982 break-up. Writing for Pitchfork in 2019, reviewer Jamieson Cox agreed, describing Gold: Greatest Hits as a "refined package with surprising emotional range". The album, he wrote, "capitalized on a simmering, subcultural interest in ABBA's work and sparked a full-blown revival" that culminated in the Mamma Mia! stage and film productions. BuzzFeed music editor Matthew Perpetua included Gold: Greatest Hits among the compilations he considered "so well curated in presenting a fertile period of a career that they are arguably an artist's definitive work". Former Rolling Stone magazine writer Tom Moon included Gold: Greatest Hits among his 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die, describing the tracks as "models of impeccable craft", adding that the album is "an excellent starter kit for those wanting to investigate the DNA of post-Beatles pop." Writing for Vanity Fair, singer-songwriter Elvis Costello included Gold: Greatest Hits among his list of 500 essential albums. ==Commercial performance==

With pure sales of 5.61 million copies, Gold: Greatest Hits is the second-highest selling album of all time in the United Kingdom, after Queen's Greatest Hits. It is the best-selling album on compact disc in the UK, having sold over 4.04 million copies in that format. In August, 2019, Gold: Greatest Hits became the longest-running top 100 album of all time, spending 900 weeks on the UK Albums Chart. The album spent 61 (non-consecutive) weeks in the top 10 and topped the British chart 5 times, most recently for two weeks in 2008 following the release of the motion picture Mamma Mia! As of July 2021, Gold became the first album to reach 1000 weeks on the Official Charts in the United Kingdom with pure sales of 5.61 million copies. In Canada, Gold: Greatest Hits achieved Diamond status (one million units sold) in May, 2000. In Germany, Gold: Greatest Hits has been certified five times Platinum for shipment of 2.5 million units. It has also been certified 10 times Platinum in Switzerland for sales of 500,000 units. In Austria, the album charted for 397 weeks, making it the all-time second longest stay on the chart. After reaching catalogue status, it returned to the top 10 three times, twice in the wake of the releases of Mamma Mia! The Movie Soundtrack and Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again and once due to the release of a special edition. ==Track listing==

All tracks are written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus, except where noted. 40th anniversary edition A three-CD set released on April 7, 2014, as part of the celebration for the 40th anniversary of ABBA's Eurovision victory. Disc one consisted of the original album, disc two of the album More ABBA Gold: More ABBA Hits, and disc three of B-sides. The information on disc three has been adapted from the 40th anniversary reissue's cover. All tracks are written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus, except where noted. ==Personnel==

ABBA • Agnetha Fältskog – vocals • Anni-Frid Lyngstad – vocals • Björn Ulvaeus – steel-string, acoustic guitar, vocals • Benny Andersson – synthesizer, keyboards, vocals Production • Benny Andersson, Björn Ulvaeus – producers • Michael B. Tretow – engineer, digital remastering (1992 edition) • Jon Astley – digital remastering (1999, 2002, 2004 reissues) • Henrik Jonsson – digital remastering (2008 reissue) • Chris Griffin – compilation • Jackie Stansfield – compilation • George McManus – compilation • John Waller – compilation • Ingemar Bergman – compilation • John Tobler – 1992 liner notes, compilation • Icon – design • Carl Magnus Palm – liner notes (1999, 2002, 2004, 2008 reissues) ==Charts==

Weekly charts Year-end charts Decade-end charts ==Certifications and sales==