He was born in the farm of Litlibær in Garðasókn, Iceland, In 1908 he adopted the family name Kamban in place of his birth name (Guðmundur Jónsson) and advocated a change in
Icelandic naming conventions. In 1910, he proceeded to the
University of Copenhagen, where he specialized in literature and received his master's degree. In 1914 he published his first play,
Hadda Padda which was endorsed by
Georg Brandes and shown in the
Danish Royal Theatre with Kamban as assistant director. He later married an actress from the play, Agnete Egeberg, and they had a daughter in 1921. In 1915 Kamban moved to New York, intending to establish himself as an English language writer. He was not successful and moved back to Copenhagen with his wife in 1917. In 1920 he achieved success at Dagmarteatret with
We Murderers and was employed as a director at the theatre. He is also the author of spirited and erudite historical novels based on the Icelandic sagas, including
Skalholt (4 vols., 1930–32; tr. of Vol. I and II,
The Virgin of Skalholt, 1935) and
I See a Wondrous Land (1936, tr. 1938). Kamban directed plays, wrote novels and produced motion pictures in Copenhagen until 1934, when he moved to London. Not finding success there, he relocated to Berlin in 1935 and lived there until 1938, when he moved back to Copenhagen. On the 100th anniversary of his birth, his play
Marmari, or
Marble, was produced by the
National Theatre of Iceland.
Death During the
German occupation of Denmark, Kamban received German research funding and came to be seen as a
collaborator although a police investigation found no evidence that he betrayed the resistance to the Nazi. On 5 May 1945, as the German forces in Denmark surrendered, Kamban was murdered at a Copenhagen restaurant in front of his wife and daughter, by
Danish partisans. His body was returned to Iceland and he was buried with honors in Reykjavik. Although known by Danish authorities, the name of Kamban's killer was kept secret for decades. In September 2023 Icelandic historian and journalist, Guðmundur Magnússon, revealed the identity of the man that shot Kamban as Egon Alfred Højland, who was a prominent leader of the Danish resistance and later became a member of
the Danish parliament. ==References==