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Haidian, Beijing

Haidian is a northwest urban district of Beijing, bordering Xicheng and Fengtai.

Administrative division
Haidian is divided into 22 subdistricts and 7 towns. == History ==
History
According to historical accounts, the name Haidian reflects the region's water-rich geography: the character '海' (hǎi) evokes a broad, sea-like expanse, while '淀' (diàn) refers to marshes or shallow ponds, both of which were once characteristic of the area. Haidian was originally a village outside of Beijing's Inner City. It was first built in the Yuan dynasty and became one of the eight major business areas of the capital during the Qing dynasty and was the seat of such old shops as Lotus White, Quanjude and Hongbin House. The famed Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace, two grand imperial gardens are also among its reputed features. It became a university district after the building of the Tsinghua University and Yenching University campus in the early twentieth century. It is mentioned in Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi as an academic village for students. After the foundation of the People's Republic, it was deliberately developed as a university area, with many of the Yan'an institutions moving there. It officially became an administrative district in June 1954. Since the reform and opening up, it has become the heart of China's IT industry. In the words of Time magazine: During the later half of the 1990s, out of the Beijing districts, Haidian had the highest per capita GDP. During that period the GDP of Haidian (1) District grew by double digits each year. == Transportation ==
Transportation
The northwestern stretches of the 3rd Ring Road, 4th Ring Road, 5th Ring Road and 6th Ring Road all run through the area. Metro and light rail Haidian is currently served by 14 metro lines of the Beijing Subway and one light rail line: • - Wukesong, Wanshoulu, Gongzhufen , Military Museum • - Anheqiao North, Beigongmen, Xiyuan , Yuanmingyuan Park, East Gate of Peking University, Zhongguancun, Haidian Huangzhuang , Renmin University , Weigongcun, National Library • - Liaogongzhuang, Tiancun, Haidian Wuluju, Cishousi , Huayuanqiao, Baishiqiao South , Erligou • - Yuxin, Xixiaokou, Yongtaizhuang • - National Library , Baishiqiao South , Baiduizi, Military Museum • - Lianhua Qiao, Gongzhufen , Xidiaoyutai, Cishousi , Chedaogou, Changchun Qiao , Huoqiying, Bagou , Suzhou Jie , Haidian Huangzhuang , Zhichunli, Zhichun Lu , Xitucheng , Mudanyuan , Jiandemen • - Sijiqing Qiao, Landianchang, Changchun Qiao , Suzhou Qiao , Renmin Daxue , Dazhong Si , Jimen Qiao , Beitaipingzhuang • - Dazhong Si , Zhichun Lu , Wudaokou, Shangdi, Qinghe railway station , Xi'erqi • - Qinghua Donglu Xikou, Liudaokou , Beishatan • - Bei'anhe, Wenyanglu, Daoxianghulu, Tundian, Yongfeng, Yongfeng South, Xibeiwang, Malianwa , Nongda Nanlu, Xiyuan , Wanquanhe Qiao, Suzhou Jie , Suzhou Qiao , Wanshousi, Guojia Tushuguan (National Library) , Erligou , Ganjiakou, Yuyuantan Dongmen (Yuyuantan Park East Gate), Muxidi • - Malianwa , Shangdi Software Park, Dongbeiwang • - Mudanyuan , Beitaipingzhuang • - Xi'erqi , Qinghe railway station , Zhufangbei, Qinghe Xiaoyingqiao, Xuezhiyuan, Liudaokou , Xueyuanqiao, Xitucheng , Jimen Qiao • - Fragrant Hills, Botanical Garden, Wan'an, Chapeng, West Gate of Summer Palace, Bagou Suburban Railway Haidian is served by one commuter line operated by Beijing Suburban Railway (BCR). • - Qinghe railway station == Government and infrastructure ==
Government and infrastructure
The China National Space Administration has its headquarters in the district. The Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center which serves as the central command center for the Chinese space program is also located in the district. The Ministry of Science and Technology is located in Yangfangdian, neighboring the China Central Television building (completed in 1986) within the district. The China National Intellectual Property Administration has its headquarters in Haidian, near Jimen Bridge. The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA) was formerly located in Zhongguancun. The People's Liberation Army Military Music Hall is located in the district. The Ministry of State Security has a number of major facilities in the district. == Economy ==
Economy
global headquarters global headquarters, Dazhongsi Square (1733 Commercial Space) with a GDP per capita at 170.8 thousand yuan (25293 US dollars). A central part of Haidian's economy, the Zhongguancun electronics district, hosts the Beijing offices of many software and computer-technology companies. • Baidu has its headquarters in the Baidu Campus. • ByteDance (developer of Douyin / TikTok) has its global headquarters at Dazhongsi Square, Haidian District. • Google has its Beijing office in Tsinghua Science Park Bldg 6 • Lenovo has its global headquarters in Lenovo Campus, Haidian District. • Sohu has its headquarters in the Sohu.com Internet Plaza. • Sinosteel's headquarters are in the Sinosteel Plaza () in Haidian District. • Youku has its headquarters on the fifth floor of Sinosteel Plaza. • Wumart has its headquarters in the Wumart Commercial Building () in Haidian District. • aigo's head office is in the Ideal Plaza () in the Haidian District. • China Postal Airlines has its headquarters on the 11th through 14th floors of the Ziyu Office Building () in Haidian District. • Sinovac Biotech • The Beijing Civil Aircraft Technology Research Center of COMAC () has its offices on the 8th floor of the Beijing Olympic Building () in Haidian District. • Xiaomi has its headquarters in the Huarun Wucaicheng Office Building (). • Nuctech. • New OrientalEverbright International has its Beijing office in the Beijing International Building (北京国际大厦) in Zhongguancun. • Grab has its Beijing office in Raycom Infotech Park. ==Education==
Education
Communities
ZhongguancunWudaokouMadianXinjiangcun (demolished) == Important areas in Haidian District ==
Important areas in Haidian District
from the Central Radio & TV TowerOld Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan Park) • Summer Palace (Yiheyuan) • Fragrant Hills (Xiangshan or Jingyi Palace) • Beijing Botanical Garden (Beijing Zhiwuyuan) • Jade Spring Hill (Yuquanshan or Jingming Palace) • Haidian ParkPagoda at the Wuta TemplePurple Bamboo Park (Zizhuyuan) • Yuyuantan ParkDiaoyutai State GuesthouseBaidu headquarters • Sohu headquarters • Sinosteel PlazaYouku headquarters • Haidian Christian Church ==Sports==
Sports
The Chinese Ice Hockey Association, which governs ice hockey and bandy in China, has its offices at 56, Zhongguacun South Street in Haidian District. == Gallery ==
Gallery
Haidian's Technology hubs File:haidian_beijing_10.jpg| File:haidian_beijing_11.jpg| File:haidian_beijing_12.jpg| File:haidian_beijing_13.jpg| File:haidian_beijing_14.jpg| File:haidian_beijing_15.jpg| File:haidian_beijing_16.jpg| == Climate ==
Climate
Haidian has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Haidian is . The average annual rainfall is with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around . == Sister cities ==
Sister cities
Since 1992, Haidian District has signed official papers and established Sister City relationship with 14 cities and districts from 10 countries of 4 continents. Some sister cities are shown below: South America • Santa Fe, Argentina (May 2010) • La Falda, Cordoba, Argentina (10 September 2009) North America • Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States (8 February 2008) • Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States (15 April 1998) Europe • Savonlinna, Finland (9 March 2016) • Olympia, Peloponnesus, Greece (28 February 2008) • Groningen, Netherlands (19 October 2004) • Bures-sur-Yvette, Massy, Palaiseau, in Paris Region, France (4 October 1994) East Asia • Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea (27 September 1995) • Nerima, Tokyo, Japan (13 October 1992) == Notes ==
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