Haplogroup K2

A direct descendant of Haplogroup K, K2 is a sibling of basal/paragroup K* and Haplogroup LT (also known as K1). As of 2017, the phylogeny of haplogroup K2 is as follows: K-M526 (K2) M526 – formerly known as K(xLT) and MNOPS • K-M2308 (K2a) M2308 – found only in ancient remains; see above) • K-M2313 (K2a1) M2313 • N-M231 (N*) M231; CTS2947/M2175; Z4891; CTS10118 • O-M175 (O*) M175/P186/P191/P196; F369/M1755; F380/M1757/S27659 • K-Y28299 (primary subclade of K2a; no phylogenetic name as of 2017) Y28299/Y28355; Y28357; Y28412 – found in one living individual in India • K-Y28301 (primary subclade of K2a; no phylogenetic name as of 2017) Y28301/Y28328; Y28358; Y28410 – found in two living individuals in India • K-P331 (K2b) M1221/P331/PF5911, CTS2019/M1205, PF5990/L405, PF5969 – subclades of K2b include the major haplogroups M; S, P, Q, and R • K-P261 (K2c) P261 • K-P402 (K2d) P402 • K-M147 (K2e) M147 ==Distribution==

At the level of highly derived subclades, K2 is almost universal in some modern Eurasian, Australasian and Native American populations. Haplogroup NO (M214), as a descendant of K2a (M2308), includes most males among Southeast Asian, East Asian, and Finno-Ugric-speaking populations. K2c (P261) has been reported only among males in Bali and K2d (P402) only in Java. K2e (M147), which has been found in two modern cases from South India, ==Naming==

The name K2 was introduced in 2014, following dissatisfaction with the previous names. K(xLT), the name introduced by the Y Chromosome Consortium in 2012 to replace MNOPS, was controversial. Under the previous methodology, a term such as "K(xLT)" designated all clades and subclades that belonged to K, but did not belong to Haplogroup LT; the haplogroups subordinate to MNOPS would likely have been renamed "U", "V", "W" and "X", and MNOPS would therefore have become "MNOPSUVWX". This posed a problem, because there was no way to disambiguate between "K(xLT)" in the broad and narrow meanings of the term. ==Footnotes==