Prehistoric periods The earliest archaeological evidence shows that the region was inhabited by humans since
Middle Paleolithic period (more than 40,000 years ago). This evidence was discovered by archaeologists near
Hajij village and between Naw and Asparez villages in the Sirwan valley. These earliest finds include stone tools that made by
Neanderthals or
Early Modern Humans. Evidence for
Late Paleolithic occupation discovered in a cave site called
Kenacheh in the Perdi Mala valley. These archaeological finds were unearthed during the
Darian Dam Archaeological Salvage Program that conducted several seasons of archaeological surveys and excavations within the area of the reservoir that leading to the discovery of a number of important Paleolithic and later sites. The Main excavated sites were
Dārāi Rockshelter (
Middle Paleolithic), Kenācheh Cave (Upper Paleolithic), Ruwār tomb (
Iron Age), Sar Cham (
Chalcolithic and Iron Age), and Barda Mār (19th century). Except for Ruwar sites, all other excavated sites were flooded in 2015–2016. Several Paleolithic sites have been recorded in the south of Hawraman, where Paleolithic hunters used two rock shelters for seasonal or short-term habitation near the villages of
Shamshir and
Zardui during a period that archaeologists call Middle Paleolithic.(Arkeonews)
Historic periods The Inscription of Sargon II at Tang-i Var pass near the village of
Tang-i Var, indicates that the region was occupied by
Assyrians during their military campaigns into
Zagros. This Royal Inscription belongs to
Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC). The
Parchments of Avroman, a set of three documents from the
Seleucid and
Parthian eras, were found in the region in 1909. They were discovered in a cave on Kuh-e Salan Mountain, near the village of Shar Hawraman, and subsequently sent to London. The documents date from 88/87 BC to 33 AD, with two written in
Greek and one in
Parthian. They document the sale of a vineyard and another land, and include the names of Pātaspak, son of Tīrēn and Awīl, son of Baænīn. Ancient religions are also practiced throughout Avroman and the region is home to the ancient holy places of the
Yarsan faith. Some scholars believe that the name
Hawraman or
Huraman has strong connections to the ancient
Zoroastrian faith and claim that the name may have originated from
Ahuraman or
Ahura Mazda. Ahura Mazda is the name of God in the ancient
Indo-Iranian Avestan language and comes from the ancient
Zoroastrian faith, which is still being practiced by very small numbers of people in the region. Many areas in the Avroman region are believed to have been pilgrimage sites for
Zoroastrians prior to the
advent of Islam. One of the oldest Islamic period evidence is Negel quran. A leather-bound Quran written in the
Kufic script with gilded page borders, dates to 4th century AH (913 CE – 1009 CE) which is kept in a mosque in the
Negel village.
Iran-Iraq war At the start of the
Iran-Iraq war, most of Avroman came under the control of
Sipay Rizgari, an anti-government militant group backed by Iraq. In September–October 1981, the city of Avroman Takht and surrounding settlements were retaken by Iranian forces. ==Culture==