Gilbert was born in
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to Samuel Gilbert and Bertha Shevinsky, both born in the Russian Empire. At the age of nine, he began studying the
violin in
Shorewood in
Milwaukee County. By the time he was 15, he had formed his own dance band. He attended Milwaukee State Teachers College (now
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee) and studied for four years: two as an undergraduate and two as a graduate, from 1939 to 1943 at the
Juilliard School of Music in
New York City. After Juilliard, Gilbert won a music scholarship to the
Berkshire Music Festival in
Massachusetts, where he studied under
Aaron Copland and
Leonard Bernstein. He also played the viola with bandleader
Harry James. ==Television and film scoring==