Hydrolase

Systematic names of hydrolases are formed as "substrate hydrolase." However, common names are typically in the form "substrate base". For example, a nuclease is a hydrolase that cleaves nucleic acids. ==Classification==

Hydrolases are classified as EC 3 in the EC number classification of enzymes. Hydrolases can be further classified into several subclasses, based upon the bonds they act upon: • EC 3.1: ester bonds (esterases: nucleases, phosphodiesterases, lipase, phosphatase) • EC 3.2: sugars (DNA glycosylases, glycoside hydrolase) • EC 3.3: ether bonds • EC 3.4: peptide bonds (Proteases/peptidases) • EC 3.5: carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds • EC 3.6 acid anhydrides (acid anhydride hydrolases, including helicases and GTPase) • EC 3.7 carbon-carbon bonds • EC 3.8 halide bonds • EC 3.9: phosphorus-nitrogen bonds • EC 3.10: sulphur-nitrogen bonds • EC 3.11: carbon-phosphorus bonds • EC 3.12: sulfur-sulfur bonds • EC 3.13: carbon-sulfur bonds ==Clinical considerations==

Hydrolase secreted by Lactobacillus jensenii in the human gut stimulates the liver to secrete bile salts that aids in the digestion of food. ==Membrane-associated hydrolases==

Many hydrolases, and especially proteases associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or anchored through a single transmembrane helix. Some others are multi-span transmembrane proteins, for example rhomboid protease. ==Etymology and pronunciation==

The word hydrolase () suffixes the combining form of -ase to the hydrol syllables of hydrolysis. ==See also==