Ion Caramitru

Ion Caramitru was born in an Aromanian family, with his mother being from () in modern Greece while his father being from Korçë (, , or ) in modern Albania. Nevertheless, Caramitru had a Megleno-Romanian grandfather. Caramitru was born in Bucharest, and graduated from the I. L. Caragiale Institute for Theater and Film Arts in 1964, having debuted on the stage a year earlier — with the title role in an acclaimed production of William Shakespeare's Hamlet for the Bulandra Theater. He continued his engagement in Bulandra while starring in plays at the National Theatre Bucharest and various other theaters. Caramitru was a protagonist in a series of theatrical productions by directors such as Liviu Ciulei, Moni Ghelerter, Andrei Șerban, Silviu Purcărete, Sanda Manu, Cătălina Buzoianu, Alexandru Tocilescu, and Sică Alexandrescu (acting in plays such as Mihail Sebastian's Steaua fără nume, Georg Büchner's ''Danton's Death'', Aeschylus' The Oresteia, Tennessee Williams's A Streetcar Named Desire, Carlo Goldoni's Il bugiardo, and in many of Shakespeare's works). As a director of theater, opera, and operetta productions, Caramitru notably staged works by Frederick Loewe (My Fair Lady), Marin Sorescu (The Third Stake), Benjamin Britten (The Little Sweep), Aleksei Nikolaevich Arbuzov (The Lie), and Shakespeare (The Merchant of Venice); his adaptations of Peter Brook's La Tragédie de Carmen and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin were hosted by the Grand Opera House in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Among his best-known roles are Vive in Diminețile unui băiat cuminte (1966), Gheorghidiu in Între oglinzi paralele (1978), Ștefan Luchian in Luchian (1981), and Socrate in the Liceenii series (1985–1987). Later in life, Caramitru has had minor roles in foreign films: he was an anarchist in the 1991 Kafka, Tatevsky in Citizen X (1995), Zozimov in Mission: Impossible (1996), Count Fontana in Amen. (2002), and a European immigrant to Ireland in Adam & Paul (2004). In May 2005, he won the competition to be general director of the National Theatre Bucharest, replacing Dinu Săraru. ==Political career==

Revolution Caramitru entered political life as an opponent of the communist regime in the Romanian Revolution of 1989. On 22 December 1989, after President Nicolae Ceaușescu had fled Bucharest, Caramitru and the known dissident writer Mircea Dinescu joined the crowd occupying the Romanian Television building, and were prominent among the numerous speakers who were proclaiming revolutionary victory. A popular rumor circulating soon after the episode alleged that, unaware of being filmed, Caramitru had addressed Dinescu, saying, "Mircea, fă-te că lucrezi!" ("Mircea, pretend you are working!"); this version of events may have started as defamation by political adversaries, with the purpose of indicating that the Revolution was a carefully staged front for a coup d'état. According to Alex Mihai Stoenescu's research, despite its passing into contemporary folklore, such a phrase was never uttered; instead, the words used were "Mircea, arăți că lucrezi" ("Mircea, show that you are working on something" — while holding Dinescu's booklet in front of camera), to which Dinescu replied "La un apel" ("[I'm working] on an appeal [to the people]") — pointing rather to their ill-preparedness and their preoccupation in quickly drafting a proper document. he withdrew from the body in protest, arguing that the Iliescu grouping was attempting to use executive power and prestige in order to monopolize power (the gesture was preceded by the resignation of other intellectuals present in the FSN Council, including Doina Cornea and Ana Blandiana). Already a member of the Civic Alliance Foundation, he joined the National Peasants' Party, which engaged in opposition to the FSN, and became Minister of Culture after the CDR coalition won the elections of 1996. he advocated a reconciliation with former president Constantinescu, In February 2006, he handed in his resignation as vice-president of the PPCD. A noted figure within the Aromanian community, Caramitru was a member of the Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society, which involved itself in debates with Comunitatea Aromână din România (CAR): Caramitru and his supporters argued that Aromanians are a branch of the Romanians, whereas CAR campaigns for their recognition as an ethnic minority (with automatic representation in the Parliament of Romania). In 2006, during a visit in Moldova, Caramitru claimed that Moldova is still a part of Romania, leading to a diplomatic row between Romania and Moldova and Caramitru being declared a persona non grata in Moldova. ==Awards and recognition==

For his work in establishing British-Romanian cultural links, Caramitru was named an Officer of the Order of the British Empire. In 1997, the French Ministry of Culture awarded him the title of Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres. • Honorary Doctor of the ESRA Audiovisual Arts University of Skopje, 2016 • Order of Merit, Grand Cross, Romania, 2000 • Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE), 1995 ==Death==

Caramitru died on 5 September 2021, aged 79, in the Elias Hospital, Bucharest. Following the news, the Royal House of Romania issued a statement with condolences, calling him "a devoted and courageous defender of the principles and values of the Crown". ==Filmography==

Most of his career as a film actor Ion Caramitru was connected with the communist filmography, especially directed by Sergiu Nicolaescu, a film directilor who was an accomplice of the same Aromanian origins as I. Caramitru. Even in the major role of his life, the ciné-verité realised during the 1989 Romanian Revolution, Caramitru was cast by Sergiu Nicolaescu. His repeated replicas from the balcony of the communistbl Central Committee's building was "Nu trageți, nu trageți!" ("Do not shout, do not shout, it's me!" as shouted a famous gangster chraracter (Lascar, aka Lascarică) of the series signed by S. Nicolaescu. Nevertheless, for this important last communist drama role, after 1999 Caramitru was cast by Western film makers in different roles Selected films ==See also==